Biomechanical aspects of modern models of pelvis stability. Part I: sacroiliac joint and self-bracing mechanism

Rafał Gnat, Edward Saulicz, Michał Kuszewski, Mirosław Kokosz

Rafał Gnat, Edward Saulicz, Michał Kuszewski, Mirosław Kokosz – Biomechanical aspects of modern models of pelvis stability. Part I: sacroiliac joint and self-bracing mechanism. Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(4); 280-288

Abstract
Last two decades of the XXth century brought about significant progress towards recognition of stabilizing mechanisms of kinematic links within human locomotory system. Panjabi formulated his concept concerning stabilizing system of the human kinetic link, scientist from Australia explained the mechanism of stabilization of the lumbar section of the spine, linked its dysfunctions to pain ailments rising in that region of the body and proved the effectiveness of the innovative training system in reduction of severity of such symptoms. Between numerous research in that direction, a biomechanical model of sacroiliac joint stability developed by Dutch scientists from Erasmus University, Rotterdam, is worthy paying attention. This model takes into consideration two coexisting mechanisms that make maintaining stability possible: the form closure and the force closure mechanism. As result of the cooperation between the two an effect of self-bracing of the sacroiliac joint comes into being. The leading idea hidden under the surface of the model is quite similar to the one that ancient architects had in minds while developing the structure of so called roman arch. Here, sacrum plays the role of the keystone and the two femora together with innominates are the columns. After application of quite a small, transversely oriented force, resulting from musculoligamentous system activity the construction remains stable. The objective of the paper is to familiarize reader with details of biological mechanisms that built up foundation for the Dutch model of sacroiliac joint stability.

Key words:
sacroiliac joint, form closure, force closure, self-bracing effect

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