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Effect of pregnancy exercises and education on pregnancy related musculoskeletal discomforts

B Sathya Prabha, Jaya Vijayaraghavan, N.Venkatesh, R.Sivakumar

B Sathya Prabha, Jaya Vijayaraghavan, N.Venkatesh, R.Sivakumar – Effect of pregnancy exercises and education on pregnancy related musculoskeletal discomforts. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(3); 114-119

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG141900

Abstract
Aim. Women experience significant physiological and anatomical adaptations during pregnancy to meet the maternal and foetal demands. Biomechanical and hormonal factors, ligament laxity, posture and weight gain may put lot of stress on musculoskeletal system which may in turn induce various musculoskeletal symptoms in pregnancy. Most of the women believe that physical activity during pregnancy is harmful to maternal and foetal health, which results reduction in their routine physical activity. Physical inactivity during gestational period leads to various maternal discomforts and complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of structured antenatal exercise programme and education on pregnancy related musculoskeletal discomforts.
Material and Methods. Total of 186 mothers were recruited for the study. 94 Participants were selected as the study group samples and 92 were chosen as the control group .The study group received structured antenatal classes  and education in addition to routine antenatal care whereas  the control group received routine antenatal care and exercises. Antenatal classes were conducted as individualised therapy for the interventional group along with routine antenatal care from 20th week of gestation.  The primary outcome measure was pregnancy induced musculoskeletal dysfunction scale (PMDS scale). PMDS scale was assessed at 20, 24 and   32 weeks.
Results and Discussion. There was a significant difference in the values of low back pain, symphysis pubic pain, knee pain, pelvic girdle pain and edema at 32 weeks (p value p< 0.05). Exercise during pregnancy increased the β endorphin levels and decrease the perception of pain and pregnancy induced musculoskeletal symptoms.
Conclusion. The antenatal   exercise programme and education were found to be effective in reducing pregnancy induced musculoskeletal dysfunction. Hence we suggest the pregnancy exercise and education programme in routine antenatal care to improve maternal quality of life.
Key words:
Pregnancy, musculoskeletal discomforts, pregnancy exercises, antenatal education and pregnancy discomfort
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The use of Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging (RUSI) and sonofeedback in the assessment of the activity of transversus abdominis muscle

Katarzyna Michalak, Beata Czechowska, Tomasz Wolny, Sławomir Motylewski, Elżbieta Poziomska-Piątkowska

K. Michalak, B. Czechowska, T. Wolny, S. Motylewski, E. Poziomska-Piątkowska – The use of Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging (RUSI) and sonofeedback in the assessment of the activity of transversus abdominis muscle. FP 2017; 17(4); 50-61

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to evaluate thickness and symmetry of Transversus Abdominis muscle (TrA) during rest and activation with the use of Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging (RUSI) and the assessment of sonofeedback effectivness in learning and control of TrA activity.
Material and methods. The study was conducted on 28 healthy subjects (17 women and i 11 men) aged 19-22 years (mean 21±1,08 years). The subjects undergone RUSI assessment considering thickness of TrA in rest and during contraction. Basing on results the Activation Ration and Percent of Muscle Change were calculated.
Results. Mean thickness of TrA in rest was 3,19 mm among women and 4,37 mm among men. During controlled activity thickness of TrA increased by 69% on right side and by 64% on left side and respectively by 70% and 64% among men. The results showed a significant difference in TrA thickness between right and left side at rest and during contraction among men. During sonofeedback recorded thickness of TrA was significantly higher comparing to results without control of sonofeedback. TrA activity was lower in the group with low back pain and it was 64%, while in pain-free group the activity was 72%.
Conclusions.
1. RUSI is an effective method to evaluate the morphology and activity of the Transversus Abdominis muscle at rest and during controlled activation;
2. The decrease in thickness and activity impairment of TrA is related to the occurrence of low back pain;
3. The use of sonofeedback enables significant improvement in activation and equalization of TrA asymmetry.

Key words:
Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging, RUSI, functional diagnostic, transversus abdominis, muscle activity

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Assessment of physical activity effectiveness in pain alleviating of the lumbar spine pain during pregnancy

Sławomir Motylewski, Dominika Terka, Elżbieta Poziomska-Piątkowska

S. Motylewski, D. Terka, E. Poziomska-Piątkowska – Assessment of physical activity effectiveness in pain alleviating of the lumbar spine pain during pregnancy. FP 2017; 17(4); 34-40

Abstract

Spine pain is common affliction during pregnancy. It is caused by body mass increase, which creates additional burden for structures of lumbar-sacral spine section and pelvis. Centre of gravity and body position are changed, which causes balance disorder of motor system. Asymmetry in mobility of sacroiliac joints appears, as well as irritation of sacroiliac ligaments.
The treatment of this problem includes pharmacological methods, physiotherapy and most important, variety of physical exercises.
The main goal of this study was assessment of different therapies effectiveness on lumbar spine pain during pregnancy.
Material and methods. The study group consisted of 41 women, who gave birth at least once. To gather information a survey method was used.
Results. Physical activity was pointed as one of the most efficient method of preventing spinal pain – 47,4. Hydrotherapy was chosen by 21% respondents, while massage and kinesiotaping only 15,8% both. According to 15,2% of questioned pain was gone as a result of systematical exercises.
Conclusions. Systematical physical activity before pregnancy was declared by the vast majority of respondents, while during pregnancy by half of questioned.
According to respondents, physical activity before and during pregnancy does not affect lumbar spine pain.

Key words:
physical activity, spin pain, pregnancy, physiotherapy

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Massage during pregnancy – indications, contraindications, general principles for performing the treatment

Katarzyna Urtnowska, Irena Bułatowicz, Grzegorz Ludwikowski

K. Urtnowska, I. Bułatowicz, G. Ludwikowski – Massage during pregnancy – indications, contraindications, general principles for performing the treatment. FP 2017; 17(1); 88-94

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this study was to present the general principles of massage therapy during pregnancy, as well as indications and contraindications for performing the treatment.
Basic assumptions. Pregnancy, as a_period of the great change in woman’s body, results in a_number of different ailments and because of that, can be determined as a_therapeutic problem. The most common symptoms are pain and tension from musculo-skeletal system. The relaxing massage treatment, performed regularly during pregnancy is able to prevent or alleviate already present symptoms. Unfortunately, it is performed very rarely, due to many apprehensions about the safety of that treatment and because of the fact that not every massage parlour or beauty salon is ready to provide help for pregnant women. Prenatal massage, in order to be safe for pregnant woman, must be always performed in a_special way, so that women could feel at ease, relaxed and won’t have to worry about their health and of their unborn child. It is extremely important, for the massage specialist, to rule out any contraindications before the treatment, to respect the rules of performing it and care about the well-being of the pregnant.

Key words:
women, pregnancy, massage, physiotherapy

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