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Analysis of selected risk factors and the level of awareness of urinary incontinence in women

Paulina Handzlik-Waszkiewicz, Kinga Duszka


Paulina Handzlik-Waszkiewicz, Kinga Duszka – Analysis of selected risk factors and the level of awareness of urinary incontinence in women. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(2); 70-80

Abstract
Objective. Research objective was to analyse selected risk factors for the incidence of urinary incontinence in a randomly selected group of women, as well as the frequency of accompanying symptoms. The level of consciousness and behaviour of women who experienced urinary incontinence were also analysed.
Material and methods. The survey covered 146 women aged 20 to 79, at the day rehabilitation ward at Professor Bogusław Frańczuk’s Lesser Poland Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Hospital in Krakow. The authors’ questionnaire containing 32 questions and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI) were used for the research.
Results. There was a statistically significant correlation between the incidence of urinary incontinence and age in the respondents. In the youngest age group, the mean for the declared urinary incontinence was 46.5, while in the older groups it was over 80. The results also indicate a significant increase in pain in the lumbar spine in the group that experienced urinary incontinence (mean = 20.93) in relation to the rest of the respondents (mean = 12.83).
Conclusions. The problem of incontinence is age dependent, but it is common in all age groups. There is a relationship between the incidence of urinary incontinence and the method of giving birth and perinatal factors. It has also been found that women experiencing urinary incontinence episodes suffer from more pain. The vast majority of women who experience urinary incontinence do not undertake any treatment attempts.
Key words:
urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscles, incontinence
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Functional stimulation of perineal muscles in women with urinary incontinence after gynecological surgery and its effect on quality of life changes

Krystyna Garstka-Namysł, Grzegorz Henryk Bręborowicz, Łucja Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak, Juliusz Huber, Stefan Sajdak, Magdalena Pisarska, Kamila Witczak, Łukasz Sroka, Alicja Witkowska

Krystyna Garstka-Namysł, Grzegorz Henryk Bręborowicz, Łucja Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak, Juliusz Huber, Stefan Sajdak, Magdalena Pisarska, Kamila Witczak, Łukasz Sroka, Alicja Witkowska – Functional stimulation of perineal muscles in women with urinary incontinence after gynecological surgery and its effect on quality of life changes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(2), 124-132

Abstract

Background. Urinary incontinence and disturbances of perineal muscle and nerve activity in women after gynecological surgery have a major influence on the patients’ quality of life. Using global EMG data, it is possible to customize parameters for spinal FES and perineal EMS treatments and to objectively assess treatment outcomes. Material and methods. 15 women after gynecological surgery with disturbances of micturition underwent gynecological and urodynamic assessments, sonography, global EMG with a vaginal probe and magnetic field-induced motor evoked potentials (MEP) tests. The parameters for EMS and FES were customised on the basis of those diagnostic tests and the treatments were self-administered by patients for 2 months. Quality of life changes were assessed with Prof. Kowalik’s quality of life assessment scale at baseline and at the end of the treatment. Results. In 12 patients, EMG and MEP recordings revealed that the disturbances were caused by axonal degeneration of motor fibres rather than by impaired impulsation at the spinal centre level. Mean values of perineal muscle resting potentials were 2.52 pV before and 1.87 pV after treatment. Contraction strength rose from 14.7 pV to 16.9 pV The self-reported 20-domain quality of life scale showed increased current and future-oriented satisfaction with life. Conclusions. A two-month cycle of FES and EMS improved motor unit function at maximum contraction. MEP studies revealed improved conduction from spinal motor centres to muscles, especially if EMS of perineal muscles had been supplemented with lumbo-sacral FES.

Key words:

urinary incontinence, spinal functional electrical stimulation (FES), surface electromyography, ETS and EMG biofeedback, perineal muscles, quality of life

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Assessment of the effectiveness of deep electromagnetic stimulation in the treatment of low back pain depending on the area of application

Agnieszka Przedborska, Małgorzata Kilon, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, Małgorzata Misztal, Jan W. Raczkowski

A. Przedborska, M. Kilon, A. Leszczyńska, M. Misztal, J. W. Raczkowski – Assessment of the effectiveness of deep electromagnetic stimulation in the treatment of low back pain depending on the area of application. Fizjoterapia Polska 2019; 19(2); 148-156

Abstract
Introduction. Disturbed mechanism of central stabilization associated with reduced pelvic floor muscle tone may be the cause of low back pain. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of deep electromagnetic stimulation applied in the lumbosacral region or in the pelvic floor muscles in women with low back pain.
Material and methods. The study enrolled 109 women with spinal degenerative disease. Two groups were distinguished: the study group of 45 women who underwent a series of 10 sessions of deep electromagnetic stimulation in the pelvic floor muscles and a comparative group of 64 women in whom the procedure was applied in the lumbosacral region. The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed according to the VAS scale, locomotion and self-care were also evaluated.
Results. VAS scale demonstrated statistically significant reduction in pain intensity in both groups – Me(IQR) respectively: 5 (4-7) before the therapy vs 2 (1-3) afterwards in the study group and 6 (4-7) before the therapy vs 3 (2-4) after the therapy in the comparative group. Functional mobility and ability to perform everyday activities also improved statistically significantly. The obtained results were not long-lasting. In half of the patients the analgesic effect lasted at most 2 months (IQR: 1-4) in the study group and at most 4 months (IQR: 2-6) in the comparative group.
Conclusions. 1. Regardless of the area of application, deep electromagnetic stimulation reduces pain, improves the gait function and self-care of women with low back pain. 2. The analgesic effect of the therapy lasts longer when applying treatment in the lumbosacral region of the spine.

Key words:
low back pain, degenerative disease, pelvic floor muscles, electromagnetic stimulation

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The effect of deep electromagnetic stimulation of pelvic floor muscles on low back pain in female patients with stress urinary incontinence

Agnieszka Przedborska, Małgorzata Kilon, Małgorzata Misztal, Jan W. Raczkowski

Agnieszka Przedborska, Małgorzata Kilon, Małgorzata Misztal, Jan W. Raczkowski – The effect of deep electromagnetic stimulation of pelvic floor muscles on low back pain in female patients with stress urinary incontinence. Fizjoterapia Polska 2018; 18(3); 46-54

Abstract
Objective. The goal of the study was to assess the effect of deep electromagnetic stimulation of pelvic floor muscles on low back pain in women with stress urinary incontinence.
Material and methods. The study was conducted in a group of 85 women with chronic low back pain and coexisting urinary incontinence who underwent 10 deep electromagnetic stimulation sessions of the pelvic floor. The assessment of the effectiveness of the therapy was performed on the basis of the VAS scale, the assessment of the activities of daily living and changes in the severity of symptoms associated with urinary incontinence.
Results. A statistically significant reduction in the severity of low back pain was reported according to the VAS scale – Me (IQR) respectively: 5 (4-7) before vs. 3 (1-4) after the therapy. Functional mobility and ability to perform everyday activities improved statistically significantly. There was also observed a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of urinary incontinence episodes (0% of patients without episodes of incontinence before therapy vs. 47.1% of patients after the treatment) and a decrease in the urine output. However, the obtained effects of the therapy were not long-lasting. In half of the patients, both the analgesic effect and the improvement of urinary incontinence symptoms lasted at most 2 months (IQR: 1-3 months in the case of low back pain and IQR: 1-2 months in the case of stress urinary incontinence).
Conclusions. 1. Deep electromagnetic stimulation of pelvic floor muscles decreases low back pain and reduces symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. 2. The improvement effect is not long-lasting.

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Key words:
low back pain, urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscles, electromagnetic stimulation