Ewa Puszczałowska-Lizis, Przemysław Bujas, Jarosław Omorczyk, Leszek Nosiadek

E. Puszczałowska-Lizis, P. Bujas, J. Omorczyk, L. Nosiadek. Sexual dimorphism in foot morphology in women and men over 60. FP 2016; 16(3); 88-94

Abstract
Background. The human foot is a supportive and locomotive element, which forms during a whole life in individual manner for every person. In advanced age, the foot is particularly exposed to involutionary changes. The aim of this study was to determine the dimorphic differences in the selected morphological features of the feet in women and men aged over 60.
Material and methods. The research conducted by podoscopic method involved seniors from the Podkarpackie and the Małopolskie voivodeships, including 116 females and 82 males. Tested persons were divided into three age groups (60-69 years, 70-79 years, 80-90 years). The following indices were analyzed: the Clarke’s angle, heel angle (γ), hallux valgus angle (α), and the V toe varus deformity angle (β). Basic descriptive statistics were calculated. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess significance of the differences in morphological features of the feet between the women and men.
Results. In both sexes the analysed indices worsened in comparison to the normative values. Statistically significant differences between woman and man concern the Clarke’s angle and the hallux valgus angle (α).
Conclusions. The most important plantographic features which differentiate the feet structure of women and men aged over 60 are Clark’s angle and the hallux valgus angle (α). The popularisation of preventative kinesiotherapy for the elderly should constitute an indispensable element of action aimed at slowing down involution processes to maintain the optimal – according to age – static and dynamic conditions of the locomotion system.

Key words:
ageing, foot, longitudinal arch, transverse arch, arrangement of the hallux, arrangement of the fifth toe

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