Maria Kłoda, Grażyna Brzuszkiewicz-Kuźmicka, Edyta Smolis-Bąk, Izabela Korabiewska, Monika Lewandowska, Dariusz Białoszewski

M. Kłoda, G. Brzuszkiewicz-Kuźmicka, E. Smolis-Bąk, I. Korabiewska, M. Lewandowska, D. Białoszewski – Diagnostics of Balance and Gait Disorders in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease. FP 2017; 17(2); 122-131

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressing affliction of the human central nervous system. It is one of degenerative diseases and affects mainly the extrapyramidal system, and in particular the substantia nigra of the midbrain.  Along with the axial symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, the other most important ones would include abnormalities of posture and gait. The improper posture has an impact on future problems with locomotion and self-service functions.
Prior to introducing any physiotherapy, there should be carried out a number of tests, which will allow both, quantitative and qualitative assessment the patient’s gait and his or her posture. These tests include among others: gait analysis performed on a treadmill of the ”Zebris” FDM-TDM type, which uses the WinFDM-T data base system, Vicon 460 system for the three-dimensional assessment of gait, Timed Up & Go, 10 MWT or Tinetti tests.
Demographic data indicate the increasing incidence of the Parkinson’s disease, which seems to be due to the gradual lengthening of a human life span. This makes it very important to properly rehabilitate and care for the patients.
As the disease progresses, patients begin to experience discomfort during their daily activities, and in locomotion, and thus their quality of life is being reduced. Here comes the great importance of implemented physiotherapy treatments, which are supposed to maintain, for as long as possible, the patients’ mobility at the level sufficient to enable their independent functioning. Introduced early enough physiotherapy procedures significantly improve gait parameters in patients with the Parkinson’s disease, thus delaying progression of the disease.

Key words:
diagnostics, Parkinson’s disease, balance disorders, gait disorders

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