The Analysis of Potential Risks Factors for Professional Burnout Syndrome in Physiotherapists

Ewa Puszczałowska-Lizis, Monika Niebieszczańska, Sławomir Jandziś, Marek Kiljański

E. Puszczałowska-Lizis, M. Niebieszczańska, S. Jandziś, M. Kiljański – The Analysis of Potential Risks Factors for Professional Burnout Syndrome in Physiotherapists. FP 2015; 15(2); 68-80

Abstract

Aim. Burnout, defined as mental and emotional exhaustion, is characterized by the loss of energy, commitment to work and the lack of plans for  the future. The aim of the study was to analyze the potential determinants of professional burnout in the physiotherapists.
Material and methods. The study included 102 physiotherapists employed at the health-care centers in Podkarpacie Region. The research tool was a Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) adapted in Polish by Pasikowski. Basic measures of descriptive statistics were calculated. Kruskal-Wallis’s ANOVA analysis of variance was applied to evaluate differences in average numerical properties in more than two populations. In case of statistically significant differences were found in several groups, post-hoc test of multiple comparisons was performed. The differences in average numerical properties in two populations test were evaluated by means of Mann-Whitney U test.
Results. A significantly higher overall rate of burnout in the physiotherapists at the age of 35-40 years old was found  (p=0.0078), who were professionally active for over 10 years (p=0.0026), and did not take non-professional physical activity (p=0.0004). The determination of the value of the indicator of job satisfaction was significantly lower in physiotherapists not participating in postgraduate education (p=0.0388).
Conclusions. There is a need to take action aimed at emotional support of the workers and help to solve problems. Physio-therapists should be encouraged to improve systematically their skills and to promote the principle of caring for their physical fitness through physical activity  and activities not connected with their profession.

Key words:
emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, job satisfaction, physiotherapists

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Application of manual therapy in the elimination of myogenic pain in stomatognathic system disorders

Magdalena Gębska, Danuta Lietz-Kijak, Krystyna Opalko,
Ewelina Żyżniewska-Banaszak, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Marek Kiljański

M. Gębska, D. Lietz-Kijak, K. Opalko, E. Żyżniewska-Banaszak, Z. Śliwiński, M. Kiljański – Application of manual therapy in the elimination of myogenic pain in stomatognathic system disorders. FP 2015; 15(2); 60-67

Abstract

Introduction. In last years there has been considerable development of physiotherapy methods used in dentistry. Among them is the manual therapy as a_form of treatment of functional disorders of the stomatognathic system muscular origin. This method is still very popular among dentists. This is because a_small number of literature, and a_small amount of physiotherapists involved in manual therapy in order to eliminate the symptom of pain.
Aim of the study. determined the effect of relaxing and analgesic masseter muscles under the influence of the use of manual therapy.
Material and methods. study was performed in 20 females, aged from 40 to 45  pain diagnosed as a_disorder of the stomatognathic system. In patients conducted physical examination and clinical examination, electromyographic study of masseter muscles and pain assessment using the VAS scale. Then, the test group received manual therapy treatments.
Results. After completion of therapy and analysis of the results showed a_decrease in the electrical potentials studied muscle and decrease of the VAS scale

Key words:
stomatognathic system, manual therapy, electromyography, pain, VAS scale

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Block coincidence of sacroiliac joints in lateral curvature of the spine as well as the effect of the therapy on the size of scoliosis

Daniel Olędzki, Tomasz Sajko, Andrzej Sadowski, Marek Kiljański

D. Olędzki, T. Sajko, A. Sadowski, M. Kiljański – Block coincidence of sacroiliac joints in lateral curvature of the spine as well as the effect of the therapy on the size of scoliosis. FP 2015; 15(2); 22-38

Abstract

In the presentation the authors try to estimate dependencies between lateral curvature of the spine occurrence and the dysfunction of sacroiliac joints as blocks. It was pointed out that scoliosis as a phenomenon can be widely observed in a human body.  The position itself as well as the course of the delivery may lead to different types of muscle tone disorders and positional asymmetry in effect of fascia continuity damaging of the neonate during the delivery or perinatal period.
It may be assumed that the pathology of embryonic development and later in neonatal period can be the origin of the spine statics disorder, and consequently cause overloads of sacroiliac joints manifested in blocks. The secondary effect of the dysfunction of sacroiliac joints may be an asymmetric arrangement of hip bones, and this could lead to asymmetric position of the sacrum and compensatory scoliosis (the term coined by the authors).
Authors underline the important role of the dysfunction of the sacroiliac joint – the strongest proprioreceptor in the joint system – in causing other joints to disfunction, even those which are distant to the pelvis as well as causing muscle tone disorders.
The authors described the following phenomena:
1) how occurrence of sacroiliac joints blocks correlate with the asymmetry of the pelvis position,
2) the relation of lateral curvature of the spine size with the rotation of the spine with a sacroiliac joint block.
In the group of tested children with the scoliosis of a little degree (up to 5 degrees of the rotation) it was noticed that there was a high percentage of the sacroiliac joint dysfunction going with the asymmetric pelvis position. After the therapy of sacroiliac joints blocks there was a statistically substantial improvement in the position of the pelvis as well as the decrease in the scoliosis degree (with connected to it vertebra rotation) was observed.

Key words:
sacroiliac joint, manual therapy, scoliosis, block

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Application of the Polysensory Stimulation and the General Movement Patterns in Patients with the Serious Traumatic Brain Injury

Wojciech Kiebzak, Anna Wysocka, Arkadiusz Żurawski, Marek Kiljański, Justyna Pogorzelska

W. Kiebzak, A. Wysocka, A. Żurawski, M. Kiljański, J. Pogorzelska – Application of the Polysensory Stimulation and the General Movement Patterns in Patients with the Serious Traumatic Brain Injury. FP 2015; 15(2); 6-20

Abstract

Introduction. Traumatic brain injuries are among the major causes of disabilities and deaths in children. They cause motor performance disorders and neuropsychological dysfunctions. All the above require the maximum reduction of any iatrogenic effects.
Goal. The goal of this paper is to present a rehabilitation program for the patient after severe traumatic brain injury.
Case Study. As the result of a traffic accident, the 15 years old boy had suffered a severe overall trauma, including the traumatic brain injury. He was deeply unconscious, his score in the Glasgow Coma Scale – 4 points. The patient had undergone a 2 months rehabilitation program, while hospitalized. The polysensory stimulation and elements of the following methods had been applied: Vojta method (Reflex locomotion), NDT-Bobath, PNF, Castillo-Morales and Kinesiology Taping. A high degree of the patient’s self-reliance had been achieved, including the ability to walk, with only a slight support.
Discussion. Within the recent – dozen or so – years, numerous studies regarding the physiotherapy treatment in patients with the traumatic brain injury have been published. More often than not, success of the rehabilitation process depends on the early start and the proper orientation of the rehabilitation treatment. Still, in available research, there is very few studies dedicated to the formalized early treatment methods. Hence the need to define the best possible physiotherapy procedures.
Conclusions. The most important issue in the physiotherapy treatment, in patients after the traumatic brain injury, is the interdisciplinary rehabilitation, based on the polysensory stimulation and on the general movement patterns, which combines the techniques of the various methods. Planning of a physiotherapy program should be founded on the basic principles of continuity, comprehensiveness and regularity, but most of all – on the early start of the rehabilitation process. The competent physiotherapy treatment plays an important role in restoration of the cognitive-emotional functions and an achievement of the optimum level of the patient’s psychomotor performance.

Key words:
traumatic brain injury, craniocerebral injury, physiotherapy treatment, polysensory stimulation, general movement patterns

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Comparison of Physical Fitness of 11-12 Years Old Children Who Are Either Healthy, Deaf or Blind

Magdalena Tyc, Marek Kiljański

M. Tyc, M. Kiljański – Comparison of Physical Fitness of 11-12 Years Old Children Who Are Either Healthy, Deaf or Blind. FP 2017; 17(1); 56-62

Abstract
Introduction. Currently, children tend to prefer a rather sedentary lifestyle. They are more likely to choose such forms of leisure activities, which do not cause a fatigue and do not require physical effort. Limitation of physical activity carries the risk of low physical fitness.
Physical fitness is not only dependent on the musculoskeletal system, but on the condition of the whole body.
Research Goal. To evaluate how much impact on the level of physical fitness in children has the fact, that they are affected by visual or hearing impairments.
Materials and Methods. Examinations were carried out in primary schools, on 69 pupils (32 girls and 37 boys,) 11-12 years old. The research took place during the period from February 8th to 24th, 2016. The examined children were divided into three groups: 24 healthy children (10 girls and 14 boys,) 22 deaf children (10 girls and 12 boys,) and 23 blind children (12 girls and 11 boys).
All children were tested for their physical fitness, with the 5 tests for: balance, upper extremities’ muscles strength, lower extremities strength, abdominal muscles strength, and body flexibility.
Results. Our research has shown, that in all tests there have occurred statistically significant differences between the group of healthy children, and those of either deaf or blind children. The pupils with disabilities have obtained worse results. In the majority of test, the deaf children have obtained statistically, significantly better results than blind children.
Conclusions. On the basis of the carried out research, it can be concluded, that the fact of a child having either visual or hearing impairment has a significant impact on the physical fitness of such child.

Key words:
deaf children, blind children, physical fitness

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Physicodiagnostic amalysis of the ozonotherapy effectiveness on not afflicted craniofacial skin

Danuta Lietz-Kijak, Paulina Strzelecka, Elżbieta Kubala, Kamil Kosko, Aleksandra Simińska, Barbara Stępniak, Artur Perz, Łukasz Kopacz, Marta Grzegocka, Marek Kiljański, Zbigniew Śliwiński

D. Lietz-Kijak, P. Strzelecka, E. Kubala, K. Kosko, A. Simińska, B. Stępniak, A. Perz, Ł. Kopacz, M. Grzegocka, M. Kiljański, Z. Śliwiński – Physicodiagnostic amalysis of the ozonotherapy effectiveness on not afflicted craniofacial skin. FP 2017; 17(1); 46-55

Abstract
Aim. Evaluation the impact factor of therapeutic agent in the form of ozone application to temperature and feeling on superficial skin on facial part of the skull.
Material and Methods. The study included 60 patients, healthy, not taking any medication, aged 20 – 30 years old, 30 women and 30 men. Each time, before diagnostic tests, on cleansed skin determined 3 points: A – Supramentale, B – Chelion and C – projection of head of condylar process
of mandible on surface of skin. Then proceeded to double application of ozone – 30-and 60-seconds, in accordance with current standards for extraoral areas. Between the applications and measurements of sensation and temperature respected 15-minute break. Sensation measurement was carried out using PulpoEndometr device, and temperature was tested with laser pointer thermometer (CA 380). The last element was noticing sensations of pain using VAS scale.
Results. The results were analyzed using Statistica software.
Conclusions. 30-seconds of application in point. A woman pointing to the initial symptoms of analgesic, but in the general population can be seen only trailers that action. 60-seconds
of application at this point, and both applications in point. B showed a slightly increased sensitivity to stimuli. Different applications of ozone impact were noted in point. C, which was a slight decrease
in sensitivity to stimuli. It is worth noting that both applications of ozone in men at point C show some symptoms of analgesic.

Key words:
ozontheraphy, analgesia, feeling, temperature, OzonyTron

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Studying the impact of body weight and physical activity on quality of life of junior high school students

Anna Kogut, Marek Kiljański

A. Kogut, M. Kiljański – Studying the impact of body weight and physical activity on quality of life of junior high school students. FP 2017; 17(1); 14-22

Abstract
Introduction. Overweight and obesity presently constitute a serious problem, both in Poland and worldwide. They affect not only adults. Every year, there is a growing number of children and youths, who struggle with overweight and obesity. The fact, that they are not accepting their body may contribute to the lower quality of living. An important issue becomes regular physical activity.
Research Goal. Evaluation of the impact of body weight and physical activity on the quality of living in junior high school students.
Materials and Methods. Examinations were performed in 57 persons (including 29 girls and 28 boys,) 12-15  years old (Mean: 13.75 years.) In the test group, there were conducted: survey regarding physical activity, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) and four physical fitness tests.
Results. After collecting data and the results analysis, there has not been observed deterioration in the quality of living in persons, whose BMI exceed the upper limit of the standard.
Conclusions. Excessive body weight does not reduce the quality of living in teenagers.
Level of physical activity does not affect the quality of living in young people.
Frequency of physical activity has a significant impact on self-esteem and self-assessment.

Key words:
quality of living, BMI, obesity, physical activity

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Methodology of Assessing Certain Statements Regarding the Formation of Attitudes in Students of Physiotherapy, on the Basis of Metaethics

Wojciech Kiebzak, Michał Kosztołowicz, Magdalena Rusin, Marek Kiljański, Małgorzata Kiebzak

W. Kiebzak, M. Kosztołowicz, M. Rusin, M. Kiljański, M. Kiebzak – Methodology of Assessing Certain Statements Regarding the Formation of Attitudes in Students of Physiotherapy, on the Basis of Metaethics. FP 2016;16(4);62-70

Abstract

Introduction. In physiotherapy, just like in the other medical professions, in addition to acquiring the actual knowledge and gaining the professional skills, the professional ethics is of major importance.
Aim of the Study. The aim of the study was to verify statements made by the physiotherapy students, regarding the humanities (academic disciplines), which should have an impact on formation of their ethical attitudes.
Materials and Methods. In the study participated a group of 141 persons who, at the time, were physiotherapy students. The study was carried out at the turn of 2015 and 2016. The research tool applied was a questionnaire. To interpret the results of the study, the chi-square test (χ2) was used.
Results. The results of the survey show, that there is an average dependency between the humanistic disciplines and their impact on the attitude. Psychology, as well as interpersonal communication, have gained a high level of recognition among the physiotherapy students. Hence, the cause which testifies to the lack of impact of the humanistic disciplines on the formation of attitudes of the physiotherapy students toward their patients, is the lack of interpersonal communication, interchangeable, and therefore no emphasis on the knowledge of psychology during the process of communication.

Keywords:

Physiotherapy, ethics, interpersonal communication, psychology, humanistic education

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Cultural Good as the Basis of Culture and Ethics

Wojciech Kiebzak, Michał Kosztołowicz, Magdalena Rusin, Marek Kiljański, Małgorzata Kiebzak

W. Kiebzak, M. Kosztołowicz, M. Rusin, M. Kiljański, M. Kiebzak – Cultural Good as the Basis of Culture and Ethics. FP 2016;16(4);48-60

Abstract

Introduction. The ethical culture of physiotherapists encompass their attitudes and ethical beliefs, at every stage of their education and the actual job performance. The professional culture may be created by introducing the adequate ethics program. Both culture and ethics complement each other, and they reinforce the new principles and attitudes of people. The culture plays an important role in the daily life of every professional group, providing a common language and a shared way of behavior.
Aim of the Study. The aim of the study is to find a method allowing to formulate the definition of cultural good based on the results of used questions.
Materials and Methods. In the study participated a group of 141 persons who, at the time, were physiotherapy students. The study was carried out at the turn of 2015 and 2016. The research tool applied is a questionnaire. The method used to evaluate the results is the chi-squared test (χ2).
Results. The results have shown, that the physiotherapy students considered the following as cultural goods: esteem for health, propriety, tact, kindness, and responsibility, however these values are poorly related to the satisfaction derived from the fact of studying the physiotherapy.
Conclusion. The cultural good serves people, in a positive sense, through existence of the ethical triad, which should lead to the effective, positive man-to-man interaction.

Keywords:

movement, physical fitness, physical activity, endurance, physiotherapists

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How to Help Persons with Disabilities to Improve Their Everyday Life? – Report from Study with the Rational Behavior Therapy Application

Aleksandra Sierant, Monika Łętocha, Paweł Grzybek, Kamila Pytowska, Anna Wiśniewska-Małek, Marek Kiljański, Wojciech Kiebzak

A. Sierant, M. Łętocha, P. Grzybek, K. Pytowska, A. Wiśniewska-Małek, M. Kiljański, W. Kiebzak – How to Help Persons with Disabilities to Improve Their Everyday Life? – Report from Study with the Rational Behavior Therapy Application. FP 2016;16(4);40-46

Abstract

Introduction. People with disabilities face in their everyday life many challenges / difficult experiences / incidents of stress. Disability status is often accompanied by the lack of employment and by social isolation, moreover, the architectural barriers significantly hamper the lives of the people with disabilities, and reduce the life’s quality. Disabled persons are particularly vulnerable to depression and to suicidal thoughts, and therefore a_special care should be devoted to them. Thus, there is the need to establish methods and support system, which would be effective in the therapeutic work with this group of persons. Proven effectiveness in the treatment of critical situations, including the mental disorders, as well as coping with the everyday life stress, have the cognitive-behavioral methods.  The Rational Behavior Therapy is a_cognitive-behavioral method of therapy developed by Professor Maxie Maulsby  for patients with mental disorders and those, who have experienced crisis situations.  The aim of this method is to reformulate a_person’s thinking to more adaptive model, which should result in reduction in severity of the negative emotions and the undesirable behavior.
Aim. The aim of this study is to evaluate the RBT method, while working with disabled persons.
Materials and Methods. In the study participated 13 persons with disabilities, belonging to professionally active age group – 30 to 52 years old, with mean age of 41 years, and standard deviation of 6.13. Using a_distress thermometer, we measured stress level and the dispositional optimism, before and after two days of the RBT workshops. During workshops, the persons received useful information about mechanism in which emotions function, and about methods for coping with stress, and then, they performed exercises under the supervision of experienced therapists, and the whole session has been complemented by the presentation of films, illustrating the introduced materials.
Results. A_significant reduction in the average level of stress has been determined, from 7.54 before the RBT workshops, to 2.62 after the workshops. The average incidence rate of all tested problems (practical, family, emotional, physical) has been reduced. After application of the therapy, a_significant increase in the level of optimism has been noted.
Conclusion. The obtained results confirm the initial usefulness of the RBT method, in assisting the people with disabilities. There are, however, further multicenter longitudinal studies required, which would confirm the effectiveness of such intervention.

Keywords:

Stress, cognitive-behavioral therapy, RBT, disability, emotional problems, cognitive restructuring

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