Tag: three-dimensional gait analysis

Postoperative three-dimensional gait analysis in a child with cerebral palsy – ankle and knee joint kinematics

Wiesław Chwała, Dorota Pamuła

Wiesław Chwała, Dorota Pamuła – Postoperative three-dimensional gait analysis in a child with cerebral palsy – ankle and knee joint kinematics. Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(4); 322-327

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess ankle joint kinematics in a child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy after multiple soft tissue surgery. Gait analysis was performed using a video-based 3-dimensional gait analysis system (VICON). The gait of the child differed significantly at ankle and knee joints from that seen in a normal population. The stance phase was prolonged in both lower extremities. At the ankle significant differences were found in preswing, initial contact, loading response and terminal swing. Gait analysis demonstrated increased dorsiflexion, especially at preswing, most likely due to the prior surgery. The stance length was prolonged (by over 10%). At the knee significant differences were found in preswing, initial contact, loading response and terminal swing. The hemiparetic leg commonly presents as a functional shortening of two muscles: the rectus femoris and the tibialis anterior during the GC and little concentric action of the gastrocnemius muscle in preswing. The observed changes in muscle length confirm inadequate extension of the knee and increased dorsiflexion during stance.

Key words:
three-dimensional gait analysis, cerebral palsy, ankle and knee joints

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A biomechanical analysis of gait disturbances in a patient following alloplasty of the hip joint

Wiesław Chwała, Witold Serafin, Anna Marchewka

Wiesław Chwała, Witold Serafin, Anna Marchewka – A biomechanical analysis of gait disturbances in a patient following alloplasty of the hip joint. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(2), 185-197

Abstract

Background. The physical examination and imaging studies are the diagnostic tools of today’s therapists and physicians. The drawbacks of these methods include a lack of objectivity as the assessment depends on the examiner’s clinical experience and the limited possibilities of the physical examination. As attention is quite often focused on a specific clinical area, biomechanical relations with other structures in the locomotor system are neglected. Three-dimensional analysis of movement is now available to clinicians as a new method of analysis of patient locomotion that can ensure a holistic and precise whole-body diagnosis of biomechanical disturbances. Material and methods. A three-dimensional gait analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Biokinetics of the University of Physical Education in Cracow, Poland. A 56 year-old woman with right hip coxarthrosis underwent an examination of locomotion before an elective THR at the Department of Neuroorthopedics of the Rydygier Hospital in Cracow, and four months after the sur-gical procedure, following a period of total unloading of the operated right hip, around the time she commenced unsupported ambulation without assistive forearm crutches. Results and Conclusions. Based on the three-dimensional analysis of motion, a number of gait disturbances were detected which had originated from the degenerative changes within the hip joint and were not noticed during the physical examination. A comparison of the pre- and post-operative data showed that the pathologic gait patterns were successfully altered thanks to THR. Specifically, the range of motion within the hip joint was closer to relevant biomechanical reference values. The results of the postoperative examination suggest the presence of persistent disturbances of muscle function that still necessitate compensatory work of the contralateral limb.

Key words:

three-dimensional gait analysis, coxarthrosis, THR

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Outcomes following inhibiting casts treatment in a 5 years old child with spastic hemplegic cerebral palsy – a case report

Małgorzata Domagalska–Szopa,  Andrzej Szopa,
Weronika Gallert–Kopyto, Krzysztof Bąk, Anna Dawczyk, Ryszard Plinta

M. Domagalska–Szopa,  A. Szopa, W. Gallert–Kopyto, K. Bąk, A. Dawczyk, R. Plinta – Outcomes following inhibiting casts treatment in a 5 years old child with spastic hemplegic cerebral palsy – a case report. FP 2015; 15(1); 24-34

Abstract

In children with Cerebral palsy (CP), according to the definition, motor disorders occur.
The primary aim of the rehabilitation in this group of children is to support the development of the best quality of motor and posture patterns. Presented study describes the effects of non-invasive physical therapy, based on Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT) connected with serial inhibiting casts application, on postural control and gait pattern improvement in 5 years old child with spastic hemiplegia.
Functional assessment, before and after treatment, included: clinical measures of spasticity, weight – bearing distribution between body sides, posturography testing and gait analysis. Applied therapy influenced on: reduction of spasticity in the affected limb and improvement in postural control and gait parameters. Both range of movement (ROM) deficit and spasticity angle (AOS) in knee and ankle decreased and effected on postural control and gait improvement.
Obtained results demonstrate that non-invasive procedures of physical intervention, connected with serial inhibiting casts application, can be successful method of spasticity reduction, postural control and gait improvement in young children with spastic unilateral CP. Early detection of spasticity of triceps contracture and proper physical intervention may eliminate the need for invasive intervention and its associated risks in this population.

Key words:
spasticity, dynamic assessment of range of movement, distribution of pressure forces of body weight on support plane, posturography, three-dimensional gait analysis

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Musculoskeletal disturbances in women with Turner’s syndrome – case report

Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa, Andrzej Szopa, Weronika Gallert-Kopyto, Krzysztof Bąk, Anna Dawczyk, Aneta Gawlik, Agnieszka Drosdzol-Cop, Ryszard Plinta

M. Domagalska-Szopa, A. Szopa, W. Gallert-Kopyto, K. Bąk, A. Dawczyk, A. Gawlik, A. Drosdzol-Cop, R. Plinta – Musculoskeletal disturbances in women with Turner’s syndrome – case report. FP 2015; 15(2); 82-90

Abstract

Turner’s syndrome term defines the most commonly encountered genetic aberration, connect-ed with genital chromosomes. In girls and women with Turner’s syndrome, characteristic ex-ternal appearance features (called Turner’s phenotype) occur. Moreover, patients also exhibit disturbances directly related to musculosceletal system. Presented case study is based on the results of the functional assessment of 18 years old – randomly selected – patient from Paediatric, Endocrinology and Children’s Diabetology, where on the basis of cytogenetic examination high concentration of gonadotropins typical for Turner’s syndrome was found. As part of the research, following exams have been made: ob-jective photogrammetric assessment of body posture, spirometry measurement, computerized evaluation of feet arches, assessment of body weight distribution and three dimensional gait analysis. The results of this study revealed various functional disturbances in: postural control, pelvic space orientation, weight bearing distribution and in gait pattern. However, there were no spirometry and basic stabilography measures disturbances. Received results may suggest the presence of other disturbances in Turner’s syndrome than those described in literature. Confirmation of musculosceletal functional disorders would indicate the need for early functional diagnostic procedures and early physiotherapy intervention in patients with Turner’s syndrome starting in infancy.

Key words:
photogrammetric assessment of body posture, spirometric measurements, computer assessment of feet arches, assessment of body-weight distribution, three-dimensional gait analysis

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