Background. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), quality of life (QOL) depends on how individuals perceive their position in life, in the context of the culture and value system in which they live, taken together with their own individual goals, standards, expectations and fears. As a result of traumatic brain injury (TBI), all aspects of the patient’s QOL undergo change to some extent. Neurosurgical treatment, followed by the long hard work of rehabilitation, speech therapy, psychotherapy – all these factors can contribute to significantly improved QOL, which can be measured using questionnaires developed for this purpose. Material and methods. The clinical material consisted of 30 patients (14 female, 16 male) ranging in age from 11 to 50 years, hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation at the UMK Collegium Medicum University Hospital in Bydgoszcz. All these patients filled out two widely used questionnaires pertaining to QOL: the WHOQOL-Bref and the SF-36. Results. Both the women and the men in the study population indicated a high QOL in the context of their immediate environment, but a low QOL in respect to social life. Conclusions. The WHOQOL-Bref is more suitable than the SF-36 for the evaluation of QOL in TBI patients, because the former contains questions pertaining to different aspects of life.