Tag: aktywność fizyczna

The effect of physical activity level on pain and anxiety in dentistry faculty students

Sena Gizem Arslan, Ayşenur Toçoğlu, Sıla Karasu, Kübra Avci, Hümeyra Aydin

Sena Gizem Arslan, Ayşenur Toçoğlu, Sıla Karasu, Kübra Avci, Hümeyra Aydin – The effect of physical activity level on pain and anxiety in dentistry faculty students –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2026; 26(1); 65-71

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG2EFAANBO

Abstract
Objective. The aim of our study is to assess the relationship between physical activity levels, pain, and anxiety among dental students.
Materials and methods. A total of 237 volunteer participants from the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th-year students of Sakarya University Faculty of Dentistry were included in the study. Students who participated in the study completed a demographic form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to determine physical activity levels, the Beck Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety levels, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to identify pain areas.
Results. Of the 237 students, 81 were in the 2nd year, 59 were in the 3rd year, 60 were in the 4th year, and 37 were in the 5th year. The physical activity levels of the 2nd-year students were significantly higher than those of the 3rd-, 4th-, and 5th-year students (p < 0.05). Negative correlations were found for all painful areas: shoulder, upper back, elbow, lower back, knee, and ankle. However, only the upper back correlation was statistically significant (r = −0.152, p < 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between physical activity level and upper back pain and lower back pain experienced on the last day (r=0.217, p<0.001; r= − 0.152, p < 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between physical activity level and lower back pain experienced in the last month (r = −0.109, p < 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was also found between physical activity level and hip pain experienced in the last 12 months (r = −0.129, p < 0.05).
Conclusion. Dental students’ physical activity levels have been observed to decrease as they approach their professional lives. A negative correlation was observed between physical activity level and musculoskeletal pain, but this correlation was weak and fragmented. Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between physical activity level and anxiety. Further studies in this area are recommended.
Key words
dentistry, students, physical activity, anxiety, pain
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Association between pain type, physical activity and regional function in individuals with chronic low back pain

Siva Harini Y, Balamurugan B, Antony Leo Aseer P, Subbiah K, Angeline R

Siva Harini Y, Balamurugan B, Antony Leo Aseer P, Subbiah K, Angeline R – Association between pain type, physical activity and regional function in individuals with chronic low back pain –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(4); 129-133

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZGA431YTPJ

Abstract
Background. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is often associated with disability and decreased quality of life. Understanding the distinction between nociceptive and neuropathic pain is important, as each may differently affect physical activity and function.
Aim. To examine the association between pain type, physical activity, and regional function in individuals with CLBP.
Methodology. A total of 70 participants aged 20–55 years with CLBP were recruited. Pain type was classified using the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS). Physical activity was assessed with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and regional function was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). An independent t-test was performed to analyze the data.
Results. The neuropathic pain group showed significantly higher pain intensity (p < 0.01), greater functional disability (p < 0.01), and lower levels of physical activity (p < 0.01) compared to the nociceptive group. A strong negative correlation was observed between physical activity and disability, emphasizing the role of active management in CLBP.
Conclusion. Individuals with neuropathic pain experience more severe disability and engage in less physical activity than those with nociceptive pain. Assessing the pain type is essential in determining appropriate rehabilitation strategies for managing CLBP.
Key words
chronic low back pain, neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain, physical activity, disability
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Diastasis recti abdominis – what factors may exacerbate the condition?

Anna Łuszczewska, Aneta Dąbek

Anna Łuszczewska, Aneta Dąbek – Diastasis recti abdominis – what factors may exacerbate the condition? –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(4); 53-61

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZGA4310U3Z

Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the extent of diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) and risk factors described in the literature.
Material and Methods. The study included 213 individuals (97 men and 116 women) aged 20–42 years. The research tools comprised: a proprietary questionnaire, the IPAQ Short Form, the curl-up test, and the Beighton scale.
Results. Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) was diagnosed in 77% of women and 82% of men. A statistically significant correlation was found between the extent of DRA in women and the following variables: BMI (p < 0.001), WHR (p ≤ 0.044), protruding costal arches (p = 0.010), type of exercise (p = 0.056), joint hypermobility (p = 0.035), level of physical activity (p = 0.041), wearing tight clothing (p = 0.026), and abdominal surgeries (p < 0.001). In men, the extent of DRA was correlated with the level of physical activity (p = 0.004), wearing tight clothing (p < 0.001), and WHR (p = 0.006).
Conclusions. The obtained data vary by sex. In women, the extent of DRA depends on BMI, WHR, breathing pattern, joint hypermobility, level of physical activity, abdominal surgeries, and wearing tight clothing. In men, the extent of DRA is associated with physical activity level, WHR, and wearing tight clothing. Early identification of the risk of DRA may influence exercise selection, patient education, and preventive strategies.
Key words
diastasis recti abdominis, risk factors, physical activity
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Effectiveness of adding neuromuscular taping to ultrasound therapy and exercise therapy in increasing physical activity in older adults with knee osteoarthritis

Siti Muawanah, Azliyana Azizan, Zarina Zahari, Susi Endrini, Nova Relida Samosir, Suci Wahyu Ismiyasa, Rezky Guna Putra

Siti Muawanah, Azliyana Azizan, Zarina Zahari, Susi Endrini, Nova Relida Samosir, Suci Wahyu Ismiyasa et al. – Effectiveness of adding neuromuscular taping to ultrasound therapy and exercise therapy in increasing physical activity in older adults with knee osteoarthritis –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 392-402

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19623K

Abstract
Introduction. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative condition that causes pain, swelling, limited range of motion, reduced leg muscle strength, restricted walking and stair climbing ability, and decreased quality of life.
Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound therapy, exercise therapy, and neuromuscular taping (NMT) on pain, balance, and physical activity in older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
Materials and methods. An experimental design was used to compare two groups: a control group of KOA patients receiving ultrasound therapy and exercise, and an intervention group receiving a combination of neuromuscular taping, ultrasound therapy, and exercise. The effectiveness was assessed using core outcome measures: the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), range of motion (ROM), and the timed up and go (TUG) test, measured before and after a 4-week intervention (3 sessions per week) in a sample of 20 participants. Data were analyzed using parametric tests (independent samples t-test) as normality was confirmed (p > 0.05).
Results. Both groups showed a significant reduction in pain and improvements in balance and daily function, with superior outcomes in the intervention group (NMT + ultrasound + exercise). In the intervention group, VAS decreased by 2.60 (p < 0.000), WOMAC by 18.00 (p < 0.004), and TUG time by 10.86 seconds (p < 0.004). In the control group, VAS decreased by 3.20 (p < 0.000), WOMAC by 23.40 (p < 0.000), and TUG time by 14.40 seconds (p < 0.001).
Conclusions. The combination of ultrasound therapy, exercise, and neuromuscular taping is an effective therapeutic approach for improving pain, balance, and physical activity in older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
Key words
ultrasound therapy, exercise, neuromuscular taping, knee osteoarthritis, physical activity
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Association between physical activity and pelvic floor muscle strength in middle-aged women

T. S. Subicha, B. Sathyaprabha, Lavanya. N

T. S. Subicha, B. Sathyaprabha, Lavanya. N – Association between physical activity and pelvic floor muscle strength in middle-aged women –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 376-380

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19TLRW

Abstract
Background. The pelvic floor (PF) consists of muscles and connective tissues that together support the pelvic organs and prevent pelvic floor disorders. Increasing levels of physical activity may have both strengthening and weakening effects on PF muscles. Continuous physical activity (PA) is a major modifiable health factor at any age, and the concept of “exercise as medicine” is recognized for a wide range of diseases and conditions. PA can improve or worsen the strength of the pelvic floor muscles. Understanding whether PA predisposes women to, or prevents, pelvic floor dysfunction—which affects one in three to one in four women—is crucial.
Objectives. To analyze the association between physical activity and pelvic floor muscle strength in middle-aged women.
Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted among middle-aged women between July and September 2022. Fifty participants were recruited based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Background variables were collected, followed by completion of the IPAQ questionnaire and instruction in pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction. Participants then underwent transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS).
Results. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. A statistically significant association was found between physical activity (PA) and bladder base shift (BBS). Results revealed a negative association between PA and BMI (p = 0.001), a moderate positive association between PA and BBS (p = 0.001), a negative association between PA and incontinence (p = 0.025), and a negative association between BBS and mode of delivery (p = 0.039).
Conclusion. There is a moderate positive association between the level of physical activity and pelvic floor muscle strength in middle-aged women. Therefore, it is recommended to include moderate physical activity in daily life to support pelvic floor health.
Key words
physical activity, pelvic floor muscle strength, pelvic floor, exercise, transabdominal ultrasound, physical activity questionnaire, pelvic floor muscle contraction
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What is the importance of learning physical education, sports, and health for children? Systematic review and meta-analysis

Nurul Hidayatul Isnaini, Martono

Nurul Hidayatul Isnaini, Martono – What is the importance of learning physical education, sports, and health for children? Systematic review and meta-analysis –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 265-274

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19LUTE

Abstract
Children’s health and achievement in school is a shared responsibility, as they are the next generation and play an important role in the world’s development. Therefore, they need support that can prepare them for future needs. This study used a systematic review approach to understand the key factors of physical education, sport, and health (PESH) learning on children’s health and achievement in schools. The purpose of this study was to detail and analyze the existing literature to identify significant factors in the physical education learning process that can improve health and increase children’s achievement in school. Article selection was conducted through a thorough search of several major databases, with strict inclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the research. Two independent researchers conducted the article selection process to minimize bias. After article selection, data analysis was conducted to describe and categorize the identified key factors. The results of this systematic review revealed that the physical activity factor of sports games in PESH learning, as established in the curriculum, significantly impacts children’s health and achievement in school. Health aspects of children that can be improved after participating in PESH learning include increased fitness, improved motor skills, reduced risk of injury and support in post-injury rehabilitation, as well as the promotion of a healthy lifestyle. In addition, aspects of children’s achievement at school that can be improved include increased motivation to learn, enhanced cognitive abilities, and the development of social skills and character. The implications of these findings provide a basis for researchers, practitioners, and decision makers responsible for children’s development and health to create a more effective PESH learning process. Thus, the results of this systematic review clarify the contribution of physical education, sport, and health (PESH) learning to children’s growth and development.
Key words
physical education, physical activity, children’s health, children’s achievement
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Correlation between physical activity with body mass index and body fat percentage: A study of final year students in junior high school

Muhammad Labib Siena Ar Rasyid, Suroto, Oce Wiriawan,Arifah Kaharina, Afif Rusdiawan, Nugroho Susanto

 

Muhammad Labib Siena Ar Rasyid, Suroto, Oce Wiriawan,Arifah Kaharina, Afif Rusdiawan, Nugroho Susanto – Correlation between physical activity with body mass index and body fat percentage: A study of final year students in junior high school –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 132-138

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19HTTN

Abstract
Study purpose. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage in final-year students at the junior high school level.
Methods. This research is quantitative with a correlational research design. The subjects in this study were 9th-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Jogoroto who were selected using random sampling techniques. A total of 58 students (29 boys and 29 girls) were randomly selected and volunteered to participate in this study. PA levels were measured using the IPAQ questionnaire, body fat percentage was measured using the Tanita InnerScan Body Composition Monitor scales model BC-541, and BMI was obtained from the formula = body weight (kg)/body height² (m). The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistical tests and Spearman’s rho rank correlation with the help of Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS version 25.
Results. The results of the correlation test show that the correlation coefficient is negative and the significance is greater than 0.05 between PA and BMI (r = −0.162, p = 0.225 > 0.05) and body fat percentage (r = -0.095, p = 0.480 > 0.05). It can be said that these two relationships are weak, while BMI and body fat percentage have a positive correlation and significance less than 0.05 (r = 0.779, p = 0.000 < 0.05), indicating that BMI and body fat percentage have a strong correlation.
Conclusions. The conclusion is that PA is negatively correlated with BMI and body fat percentage, although neither relationship is significant. However, BMI was found to have a positive and significant correlation with body fat percentage in students. Therefore, it is recommended that students maintain their PA in line with WHO recommendations and keep their BMI within the normal range. If your BMI is normal, it is likely that your body fat percentage is also normal.
Key words
physical activity, body mass index, body fat percentage, junior high school students
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Impact of physical activity vs high-intensity interval training on autonomic nervous system in young sedentary adults – a pilot study

Yogeshwari Raman, Venkatesh Natarajan, Priscilla Johnson, Savita Ravindra

 

Yogeshwari Raman, Venkatesh Natarajan, Priscilla Johnson, Savita Ravindra
– Impact of physical activity vs high-intensity interval training on autonomic nervous system in young sedentary adults – a pilot study –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 442-449

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG00E16NJY

Abstract
Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity versus high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the cardiac autonomic nervous system in young sedentary adults.
Method. This randomized pilot study included sedentary adults aged 18 to 40 years, with less than 600 METs in IPAQ and moderate to severe stress on the Perceived Stress Scale. Twenty-eight participants were randomized into three groups: control, HIIT, and physical activity. The HIIT group underwent 30:30 sec circuit training, while the physical activity group engaged in moderate to vigorous aerobic activities for 12 weeks. The control group received education on the importance of exercise. The primary outcome was cardiac autonomic neuropathy assessed using Ewing’s battery of tests, and the secondary outcome was functional capacity.
Result. Significant improvement in cardiac autonomic neuropathy was observed in both the physical activity (p < 0.001) and HIIT groups (p < 0.001), but not in the control group (p = 0.25). Physical activity showed a tendency toward parasympathetic dominance (p = 0.0002), while HIIT showed a tendency toward sympathetic dominance (p = 0.004). Significant improvements in functional capacity were noted in the physical activity (p = 0.002), HIIT (p = 0.001), and control (p = 0.021) groups.
Conclusion. Both physical activity and HIIT significantly improve the autonomic nervous system and functional capacity. However, the type of training has varying impact on the autonomic nervous system.
Keywords
autonomic nervous system, high-intensity interval training, physical activity, sedentary, sympathovagal balance
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Effect of physical exercise on adiponectin levels in humans: a systematic review

Dany Pramuno Putra, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Melya Rossa, Ahmad Riyono

 

Dany Pramuno Putra, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Melya Rossa, Ahmad Riyono
– Effect of physical exercise on adiponectin levels in humans: a systematic review
–  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 436-441

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG00E1IVU4

Abstract
Introduction. Adiponectin is a specific protein secreted by adipocyte cells and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. In the past two decades, adiponectin has attracted considerable medical interest due to its relationship with obesity. This study aimed to determine whether physical exercise has an effect on increasing adiponectin levels in humans.
Method. A systematic search of journal databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus, was conducted. The analysis considered studies published within the last five years that investigated adiponectin levels and physical activity. Publications from non-credible journals were excluded. A total of 108 papers were initially identified. Approximately ten carefully selected, double-blind studies were included for detailed review. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed to establish the study’s methodology.
Results. The systematic analysis demonstrated that physical exercise has a positive effect in raising adiponectin levels in humans.
Conclusion. Future reviews should explore the genetic pathways and mechanisms that regulate adiponectin expression during physical activity.
Keywords
physical exercise, adiponectin, obesity, health, adipocyte
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Physical activity and mental health: an exploratory study of primary school students

Heru Purnomo, Azamul Fadhly Noor Muhammad, Agus Pribadi, Ardiansyah

Heru Purnomo, Azamul Fadhly Noor Muhammad, Agus Pribadi, Ardiansyah – Physical activity and mental health: an exploratory study of primary school students –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 304-312

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG00E1FJCK

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the impact of physical activity from a physiotherapy perspective on the mental health of primary school students, focusing on mood enhancement, anxiety reduction, and social skills improvement. The research method used was a qualitative case study, involving 30 students aged 6 to 12 years who experienced mild mental health problems. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observations during physiotherapy sessions, and questionnaires completed before and after the intervention. The physiotherapy programme was implemented over 8 weeks with a play-based approach, relaxation techniques, and fun physical activities. Interviews and observations confirmed that students felt happier, more confident, and interacted better with their peers. The results showed that the physiotherapy programme had a significant positive impact. The conclusion of this study is that physical activity from a physiotherapy perspective can be an effective intervention to support the mental health of primary school students.
Key words
mental health, physical activity, primary school, students
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