Tag: aktywność fizyczna

The impact of physical exercise modalities in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review

Novadri Ayubi, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Bangkit Adi Swasono, Mohammed Aljunaid

Novadri Ayubi, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Bangkit Adi Swasono, Mohammed Aljunaid – The impact of physical exercise modalities in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 269-273

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG00E1Q5WV

Abstract
Background. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by hyperglycemia due to the body’s inability to use insulin effectively. This metabolic disorder occurs when insulin cannot function optimally to maintain blood glucose balance. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy that offers significant health benefits, particularly for individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Aim. The purpose of this review is to assess the role of physical exercise in reducing blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Methods. A systematic review was conducted by examining journal databases including PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria focused on studies from the past five years involving diabetes mellitus, physical exercise, and blood glucose control. A total of 850 articles were identified, of which nine peer-reviewed studies were selected based on relevance and quality. The study followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.
Results. The findings consistently show that physical exercise contributes to the reduction of blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Conclusion. Physical exercise has been confirmed as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for lowering blood glucose and enhancing overall health in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The review is limited to evaluating the general effects of physical activity without differentiating between specific exercise types. Future research should compare the relative effectiveness of aerobic versus anaerobic exercise in blood glucose regulation.
Key words
physical exercise, diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, healthy lifestyle
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Physical activity levels in children in the island region: A case study in the Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta

Dadan Resmana, Raisa Ganeswara, Abdul Gani, Ferry Yohannes Wattimena, Shela Ginanjar, Sendy Mohamad Anugrah

 

Dadan Resmana, Raisa Ganeswara, Abdul Gani, Ferry Yohannes Wattimena, Shela Ginanjar, Sendy Mohamad Anugrah – Physical activity levels in children in the island region: A case study in the Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 205-210

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG00E1GOPO

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the physical activity status, explore daily activity patterns, and compare the physical activity levels of elementary school children living in the Thousand Islands. The participants were elementary school students in grades V and VI on Panggang Island and Pramuka Island, which are part of the Kepulauan Seribu district, totaling 314 students (172 boys and 142 girls).
Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and body weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured using the Xiaomi Mi 2 Pro. Participant height was measured using a stadiometer.
The results showed a statistically significant difference between boys and girls in the variables of gaming time and homework time, with a p-value less than 0.05. Meanwhile, there were no statistically significant differences in sleep time and sitting time.
Regarding physical activity levels, the percentage of girls in the low category was higher (14.34%) than that of boys (11.81%), with a significant difference (p-value < 0.05). In the moderate category, the percentages were similar—52.01% for boys and 52.39% for girls—with no significant difference. In the high category, boys had a higher percentage (36.18%) than girls (33.27%), with a significant difference (p-value < 0.05).
These findings suggest that elementary school children in the Kepulauan Seribu engage in diverse physical activities, with most students falling into the moderate activity level. Boys are more involved in high-intensity physical activities, while girls are more often found in the low-activity category. Daily activity time also shows significant gender-based differences, where boys spend more time playing games and girls spend more time doing homework.
Keywords
physical activity, Jakarta, children, sedentary
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Analysis of student physical activity levels and the concept of using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for changes in student physical activity behavior

Muhammad Naufal Ramadhansyah, Yustinus Sukarmin, Novita Intan Arovah

Muhammad Naufal Ramadhansyah, Yustinus Sukarmin, Novita Intan Arovah – Analysis of student physical activity levels and the concept of using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for changes in student physical activity behavior –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(1); 62-66

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG007D4JD8

Abstract
Study Purpose. This study aims to determine the condition of students’ physical activity levels. Look for causes or problems that make students rarely do physical activity. In addition, it tries to examine the role of Social Theory Cognitive if applied to increase students’ physical activity.
Material and Methods.  The sample of this study is 150 students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences, State University of Makassar. The sample was randomly selected. Physical activity measurement uses the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF) version.
Results. Based on the results of research from 150 respondents, 19 students (12.7%) had a high level of physical activity with an average of  IPAQ 1855.37 and MET 5.7, 47 students (31.3%) had a moderate level of physical activity with an average of IPAQ 1041.31 and MET 3.6, and 84 students (56%) had a low level of physical activity with an average of IPAQ 502.62 and MET 3.2.
Conclusion. The results of this study found that most college students have low physical activity. The use of SCT is expected to be used as an intervention to promote physical activity for students.
Keywords
Physical Activity, Social Cognitive Theory
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Aqua training and its effect on physical and physiological parameters in middle-aged women

Prakhar Rathore, Manoj Sahu, Pushpendra Narvariya, Pankaj Pandey

 

Prakhar Rathore, Manoj Sahu, Pushpendra Narvariya, Pankaj Pandey – Aqua training and its effect on physical and physiological parameters in middle-aged women –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(5); 56-61

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020C7J8T

Abstract
Problem statement. As individuals transition from middle age to old age, it is important for those in their middle age to adapt to and sustain a consistent level of physical activity. Aqua training can serve as a beneficial form of exercise for middle-aged women.
Approach. This study investigates the effects of aqua aerobics on the physical and physiological parameters of women in their middle age. The study included 40 women (aged 35 to 45 years) from Kakching in Manipur, who were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group.
Methods. Over a 12-week period, the experimental group participated in organised aquatic activities, while the control group maintained their regular routines. The exercise programme was carefully designed, incorporating varying levels of intensity and specific factors to optimise physical and physiological benefits. The pre- and post-test data were compared using a t-test for matched samples and ANOVA.
Results. The results demonstrated significant improvements in the experimental group’s physical measures, including flexibility (FX) (t = 9.06), back strength (BS) (t = 2.093), leg strength (LS) (t = 8.07), cardiovascular endurance (CE) (t = 2.208), muscular endurance (ME) (t = 18.262), and body fat percentage (BFP) (t = 8.17). The physiological benefits included increased vital capacity (VT) (t = 6.22), peak flow rate (PFR) (t = 3.26), and improved blood pressure (systolic t = 3.26, diastolic t = 2.29).
Conclusion. The results highlight the effectiveness of aqua aerobics in improving the general health and fitness of middle-aged women, demonstrating its potential as a safe and beneficial form of exercise for this group.
Key words
aqua aerobics, physical activity, middle-aged women, exercise intervention, water-based exercise
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Sports and mind: A systematic review of physical activity and mental well-being in the modern era

Ahmad Chaeroni, Kamal Talib, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Yuke Permata Lisna, Bekir Erhan Orhan, Mottakin Ahmed, Mert Kurnaz

Ahmad Chaeroni, Kamal Talib, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Yuke Permata Lisna, Bekir Erhan Orhan, Mottakin Ahmed, Mert Kurnaz – Sports and mind: A systematic review of physical activity and mental well-being in the modern era –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(4); 371-378

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG01A8P7Q6

Abstract
This research aims to examine the connection between physical activity, mental health, and quality of life through a systematic review of scholarly literature. The approach used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), leveraging the Scopus database, employing a keyword search strategy relevant to the topic, and following PRISMA guidelines. Articles published from 2020 to 2024 that focus on physical activity and mental health within Q1-Q2 percentile indices were screened. Out of the 89 articles identified, 28 met the inclusion criteria and were relevant to the topic. The analysis of these studies reveals that increased physical activity is associated with a reduction in symptoms of depression and anxiety, and an improvement in mental well-being and quality of life. Additionally, the study notes variations in measurement methods, such as the use of accelerometers and different mental health questionnaires. These findings support the development of evidence-based interventions to enhance mental well-being through physical activity, especially among children, adolescents, and the elderly. However, the study identifies challenges related to measurement methods and intervention duration, indicating a need for further research to develop more comprehensive and practical recommendations.
Key words
physical activity, mental health, quality of life, accelerometer
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The influence of physical activity, interpersonal intelligence, emotional intelligence on physical education academic achievement of elementary school students

Lanang Damar Samodro, Hari Yuliarto, Aris Fajar Pambudi

Lanang Damar Samodro, Hari Yuliarto, Aris Fajar Pambudi – The influence of physical activity, interpersonal intelligence, emotional intelligence on physical education academic achievement of elementary school students –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(4); 296-303

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG01A8S8T6

Abstract
Background and Study Aim. Physical Education not only develops physical aspects but also critical thinking, reasoning skills, and affective aspects, including social skills and personal traits like caring and cooperation. The study aims to examine the effect of physical activity, interpersonal intelligence, and emotional intelligence on the academic achievement of Physical Education Elementary School Students.
Materials and Methods. The research uses a quantitative, correlational approach. The study population consisted of 102 elementary school students aged 9-12 years (54 males, 48 females). The physical activity instrument used was the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C). The interpersonal intelligence instrument was adapted from the Anderson Social Insight, Social Sensitivity, and Social Communication dimensions. The emotional intelligence instrument was the “Emotional Quotient Inventory: Young Version (EQ-i: YV). The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 21 software. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05.
Results. The results showed that: (1) physical activity has a significant effect on the physical education academic achievement of elementary school students (p-value 0.006 <0.05). (2) Interpersonal intelligence has a significant effect on the academic achievement of physical education elementary school students, (p-value 0.000 <0.05). (3) Emotional Intelligence has a significant effect on physical education academic achievement of elementary school students, (p-value 0.005 < 0.05).
Conclusions. In particular, learners who exercise show greater intrapersonal and emotional intelligence, adaptability, and mood compared to those who do not exercise in an organized way. Physical education teachers are expected to assign physical activities for students to complete at home under parental supervision, with the results reported to the teacher for an additional assignment grade.
Keywords
physical activity, interpersonal intelligence, emotional intelligence, physical education academic achievement
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Motivation towards physical activities among Malaysian population by gender and age group

Hasbullah Ismail, Gunathevan Elumalai, Mohd Salleh Aman, Vellapandian Ponnusamy, Shariffah Mamat, Norhidayah Omar, Shamshuritawati Shariff, Roxxana Dev, Chee Chen Soon, Nur Najmin Naja Zamri

Hasbullah Ismail et al. – Motivation towards physical activities among Malaysian population by gender and age group –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(4); 100-106

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG01A8D7F2

Abstract
Sports culture among Malaysia Population still lacking and the percentage of inactive people still high and increase since year 2018. The aim of this study is to determine the level and influence of motivation towards physical activities based on gender and age groups. The researchers employed a survey design involving 7,015 respondents aged 13 years and above. Sampling selection across Malaysia was facilitated by Department of Statistic Malaysia based on block calculation and residence area from 13 states and 3 Federal Territories. The researcher employed the Multistage Cluster sampling random strategy by combining the cluster sampling procedure with stratified random sampling. A questionnaire designed by IYRES with high validity (r = 0.95) and reliability (r = .96) employed for data collection. A total of 190 trained enumerators collects the data manually. The findings of the analysis through an independent sample t-test showed that mean score for Males (M = 31.94, SD = 10.70) and for females (M = 29.84, SD = 10.82). p = .000, is significant. The results showed that there were significant differences in the mean of motivation towards physical activity participation between male and female respondents. Comparison by age group using One-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in the motivation of involvement in physical activity between the age groups, p = 0.000. Group pre-youth (M = 30.39, SD = 9.56), youth (M = 32.78, SD = 10.06), post youth (M = 30.72, SD = 11.06) and senior citizen 60 years and above (M = 26.76, SD = 10.72). This outcome proves that age does influence motivational factors in physical activity participation. The motivation level among youth is the highest and the elderly above 60 years old the lowest. Motivational factors are influenced by gender and age group in complex ways. Women tend to be more motivated by intrinsic factors such as job satisfaction, relationships, and personal growth, while men often lean towards extrinsic rewards. Younger individuals may be more driven by extrinsic rewards such as prizes, recognition, free gifts and performance achievements. Overall, psychological factors play a critical role in shaping individuals’ attitudes, beliefs, motivations, and behaviors regarding physical activity. By addressing psychological barriers and leveraging motivational strategies, interventions can effectively promote participation in exercise and support individuals in adopting healthier and more active lifestyles.
Keywords
motivation, physical activity, gender, age group, sports culture
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Investigating the relationship between physical activity and depression level with stroke recurrences: An observational cross-sectional study

Lailla Affianti Fauzi, Wara Kushartanti, Novita Intan Arovah, Fauzi, Regina Maria, Adliah Anwar

 

Lailla Affianti Fauzi, Wara Kushartanti, Novita Intan Arovah, Fauzi, Regina Maria, Adliah Anwar – Investigating the relationship between physical activity and depression level with stroke recurrences: An observational cross-sectional study –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 210-215

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020AKKK

Abstract:
Background. The complex relationship between physical health and mental well-being, especially for those who have undergone a stroke, is increasingly acknowledged. It is crucial to include interventions that emphasize physical activity as a crucial element in successful stroke rehabilitation and preventing subsequent strokes. This research aimed to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and depression levels with stroke recurrences.
Method. This cross-sectional investigation enrolled 60 patients aged between 30 and 85 years, all receiving outpatient stroke treatment in a hospital in Indonesia. Stroke recurrence was defined as experiencing a second stroke within three months after the initial stroke. Among the total participants, 12 had experienced recurrent strokes, while 48 had not. Data on physical activity and depression levels were gathered using the IPAQ short form and PHQ-9 instruments. Simple logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between physical activity and depression levels with stroke recurrence, adjusting for age and sex.
Result. Patients with higher physical activity levels were less likely to experience recurrent strokes (OR = 0.534, 95% CI 0.201; 1.422), p = 0.027. In contrast, patients with higher depression levels were more likely to experience recurrent strokes (OR = 2.055, 95% CI 1.115; 3.787), p = 0.021.
Conclusion. The study highlights low physical activity and high depression as influential factors in increasing stroke recurrence, underscoring the need to promote physical activity and mental health support in stroke rehabilitation.

Keywords:
stroke, physical activity, post-stroke depression, recurrent stroke

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Physical activity interventions on physical health, behavior and personality by social status of urban and rural children in the world: A systematic review

Ahmad Chaeroni, Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Kamal Talib, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Yuke Permata Lisna, Bekir Erhan Orhan, Mottakin Ahmed

Ahmad Chaeroni, Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Kamal Talib, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Yuke Permata Lisna, Bekir Erhan Orhan, Mottakin Ahmed – Physical activity interventions on physical health, behavior and personality by social status of urban and rural children in the world: A systematic review – Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(2); 359-366

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG5608B2C

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of physical activity on children’s physical health, behavior, and personality by considering differences in social status in urban and rural environments. Using mixed methods, we combined surveys, observations, and psychological measures to gain in-depth insights. Involving children in different age groups from both neighborhoods, the study looked at the level, frequency, and type of physical activity they engaged in. In evaluating physical health, we consider not only physical aspects such as fitness and body mass index, but also factors such as sleep patterns and eating habits. In addition, children’s behavior and personality are analyzed using tested measurement tools. This study aims to uncover significant differences and patterns that may emerge between urban and rural children in their responses to physical activity. The findings from this study are expected to provide an in-depth look into the complexity of the relationship between physical activity, social status, and children’s well-being. The practical implications of this study involve developing more focused interventions to promote physical activity in both settings, taking into account their social context. By presenting these findings in a comprehensive manner, this study contributes to a better understanding of child health efforts amidst the differences in urban and rural environments. Physical activity interventions were effective in changing behavior and improving personality traits of children in urban and rural areas. The importance of adaptation of intervention strategies depends on the environmental context. Recommendations for further research: include more variables, consider psychological aspects in more depth, and explore the role of social factors in intervention success.
Keywords
social, health, physical activity, urban and rural
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The association between objectively measured physical activity, screen time and cognitive function: A narrative review

Reime Jamal Shalash, Ashokan Arumugam, Raneen Mohammed Qadah, Alham Al-Sharman

Reime Jamal Shalash, Ashokan Arumugam, Raneen Mohammed Qadah, Alham Al-Sharman – The association between objectively measured physical activity, screen time and cognitive function: A narrative review – Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(2); 164-170

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG56084PD

Abstract
Aim. This narrative review aimed to investigate the association of objectively measured physical activity and screen time on cognitive function among young adults. Methods. We conducted searches on EBSCO and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published in English within the last decade. The search terms included keywords such as “physical activity” or “exercise,” and “screen time” or “screen exposure,” along with “cognition” or “cognitive function”. Results. Almost all studies conducted on older adults showed positive associations between physical activity assessed objectively using an accelerometer, screen time, and cognitive function. Conflicting results were observed between physical activity and cognitive functions in young and middle-aged adults. More studies are required to confirm the association between objectively measured physical activity and cognitive function, given the limited availability of studies. Conclusion. The overall findings of this narrative review highlight the negative impact of sedentary behavior on cognitive health, emphasizing the need to incorporate physical activity into our lifestyles to prevent future cognitive decline. Moreover, the impact of screen time and media content yielded contradictory findings on cognitive functions among different age groups, but mostly confirmed the negative effects of passive screen exposure on cognitive functions among children and adolescents. This review highlights the need for future studies to use standardized and objective methods to measure cognitive function, screen time and media content in different populations, especially on young and middle-aged adults, to raise awareness regarding screen time.
Keywords
physical activity, screen time, cognitive function
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