Tag: Buvanesh Annadurai

Effectiveness of concentric and eccentric strengthening program on pain and functional performance in patellofemoral pain syndrome among sprinters – A pilot study

Buvanesh Annadurai, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam, Devadharshini Balakrishnan, Surya Vishnuram, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Santhana Lakshmi S, Pavithra Aravind, Pavithra S, Rajesh G, Thamer A. Altaim

Buvanesh Annadurai et al. – Effectiveness of concentric and eccentric strengthening program on pain and functional performance in patellofemoral pain syndrome among sprinters – A pilot study –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 288-292

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19JL5P

Abstract
Background. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that primarily affects athletes, particularly those who engage in repetitive knee flexion and extension. Collegiate sprinters are especially susceptible to PFPS because certain strokes, including the freestyle and breaststroke, demand repetitive lower-limb actions. The estimated prevalence of PFPS in elite athletes is 35.7%, 28.9% in adolescents, and 13.5% in the military. PFPS affects individuals across various age groups, with a general population prevalence rate of 23%. Muscle imbalances surrounding the knee joint, especially weakness of the quadriceps muscles, which are essential for patellar stabilization, are frequently linked to PFPS. Strengthening exercises can be broadly divided into concentric and eccentric modalities, although different rehabilitation strategies may be applied. This study aims to compare the influence of concentric and eccentric strengthening programs on pain levels and functional performance in collegiate sprinters diagnosed with PFPS.
Objective. To compare the effectiveness of changes in functional performance and pain following both concentric and eccentric exercises in PFPS among collegiate sprinters.
Materials and methods. A total of 24 participants were allocated into two groups using a convenient sampling method: group A (n = 12) and group B (n = 12). Group A received concentric exercise, while group B underwent eccentric exercise for three weeks. Materials required included a chair, stopwatch, clear floor space, and measuring tape to ensure accurate assessment and execution of exercises. Outcome measures included the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) to assess pain levels and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test to evaluate functional mobility and balance.
Results. Statistical analysis of the quantitative data showed no statistically significant difference between group A and group B, with a p-value of < 0.0001. Both groups demonstrated considerable improvement post-intervention in pain and functional performance; however, no significant difference was found between the groups. Therefore, both concentric and eccentric strengthening programs appear equally effective in managing patellofemoral pain syndrome among collegiate sprinters.
Conclusions. According to this study’s findings, concentric exercises with therapeutic ultrasound (group A) and eccentric exercises with therapeutic ultrasound (group B) are similar in effectiveness in lowering pain and improving functional performance in collegiate sprinters with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Key words
anterior knee pain, patellofemoral pain, patellofemoral pain syndrome
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Effect of early mobilization on functional recovery in ICU patients with post-COVID ARDS

Saravankumar J, Rathna Paramaswamy, Buvanesh Annadurai, Iswarya S, Santhana Lakshmi S, Surya Vishnuram, Jeslin G N, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Senthilkumar N

Saravankumar J et al. – Effect of early mobilization on functional recovery in ICU patients with post-COVID ARDS –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(4); 402-406

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG01A8B5C1

Abstract
Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the number of patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admissions due to severe complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Prolonged ICU stays, often associated with immobility, lead to muscle weakness, ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW), and reduced functional status, which impede recovery. Early mobilization in the ICU has been proposed as a beneficial intervention to mitigate these effects, but its impact on patients with post-COVID ARDS remains underexplored. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early mobilization on functional recovery in ICU patients with post-COVID ARDS. Methods. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, from August 2021 to August 2024. Two hundred patients with post-COVID ARDS were randomly assigned to either an early mobilization or standard care group. The early mobilization group received structured physical therapy interventions within 48 hours of ICU admission. Functional status was measured using the ICU Mobility Scale (IMS) and Functional Status Scale ICU (FSS ICU) at baseline, weekly, and discharge. Secondary outcomes included the duration of ICU stay, mechanical ventilation, and incidence of ICU-AW. Results. Patients in the early mobilization group demonstrated significantly higher functional recovery, with a mean IMS score of 7.8 ± 1.2 compared to 4.3 ± 1.5 in the standard care group (p < 0.001). The FSS ICU score was also significantly higher in the early mobilization group (90.6 ± 8.3) than in the standard care group (65.4 ± 10.7; p < 0.001). Additionally, early mobilization reduced the mean ICU stay (14.5 ± 3.2 vs. 19.8 ± 4.1 days, p < 0.001), shortened the duration of mechanical ventilation (10.1 ± 2.9 vs. 13.7 ± 3.6 days, p < 0.001), and decreased the incidence of ICU-AW (20% vs. 45%, p = 0.002). Conclusion. Early mobilization significantly improves functional recovery, reduces ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration, and lowers ICU-AW risk in post-COVID ARDS patients. These findings highlight the importance of integrating early mobility into standard ICU care to enhance patient outcomes.
Keywords
Early Mobilization, Functional Recovery, Post-COVID ARDS, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), COVID-19
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Early mobilization and its impact on recovery in ICU patients with severe COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial

Saravankumar J, Rathna Paramaswamy, Buvanesh Annadurai, Iswarya S, Santhana Lakshmi S, Surya Vishnuram, Jeslin G N, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Senthilkumar N

Saravankumar J et al. – Early mobilization and its impact on recovery in ICU patients with severe COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(4); 222-225

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG01A8W1X6

Abstract
Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted critically ill patients, often leading to prolonged immobilization in intensive care units (ICUs), which can result in ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW) and delayed recovery. Early mobilization has emerged as a promising intervention to counter these effects by promoting faster recovery and reducing complications. This study aims to investigate the effects of early mobilization on physical function, muscle strength, and recovery outcomes in ICU patients with severe COVID-19. Methods. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) included 100 ICU patients (50 in the early mobilization group, 50 in the control group) with severe COVID-19. Early mobilization began within 48 to 72 hours of ICU admission and followed a stepwise progression through four mobility levels. Outcome measures included the Physical Function ICU Test (PFIT), Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score, incidence of delirium, ICU and hospital stay length, ventilator-free days, mortality, and readmission rates. Statistical analysis used intention-to-treat methods, with continuous and categorical variables tested accordingly. Results. The early mobilization group had a significantly shorter time to first mobilization (2.3 days vs. 5.8 days, p < 0.001), higher PFIT scores at ICU discharge (25.4 vs. 18.2, p < 0.001), and improved MRC sum scores (48.6 vs. 35.4, p < 0.001) compared to the control group. The incidence of delirium was significantly lower in the early mobilization group (20% vs. 38%, p = 0.03). ICU and hospital stays were shorter in the early mobilization group (10.4 vs. 14.2 days, p < 0.001; 18.5 vs. 24.1 days, p < 0.001). The early mobilization group had more ventilator-free days (20.3 vs. 14.7, p < 0.001). Mortality and readmission rates were similar between groups. Conclusion. Early mobilization significantly improves functional outcomes, reduces ICU and hospital length of stay, and lowers the incidence of delirium in ICU patients with severe COVID-19. These findings support incorporating early mobilization as standard practice in ICUs to enhance recovery outcomes.
Key words
COVID-19, ICU, early mobilization, functional recovery, ICU-acquired weakness
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