Tag: Makesh Babu Subramanian

Correlation of demographic factors on pain, stiffness and functional impairment in patients with chronic osteoarthritis of knee

Makesh Babu Subramanian, Preethi Rajesh, Annie Thomas

Makesh Babu Subramanian, Preethi Rajesh, Annie Thomas – Correlation of demographic factors on pain, stiffness and functional impairment in patients with chronic osteoarthritis of knee –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 104-110

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19RTWM

Abstract
Introduction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent arthritis that presents as joint pain or disability, mainly affecting knee joints. This study evaluates pain severity, stiffness, and functional impairment in chronic knee OA. In addition, it also explores the key factors that influence symptoms such as age, gender, body mass index, and joint stress. Moreover, the aim of this study is to explain the connection between these aspects and OA symptom intensity.
Aim and objectives. To analyze the level of pain, stiffness and the physical function in patients with chronic osteoarthritis of knee and its correlation with the demographic factors.
Method. This cross-sectional study evaluated the chronic knee osteoarthritis severity. WOMAC index was used to determine the level of pain, stiffness, and physical function among persons diagnosed with chronic osteoarthritis of knee. It also examined the relation with demographic factors such as age, BMI and occupation.
Result. The study indicates a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis in older females, with a mean age of 57.13 years. BMI significantly correlates with osteoarthritis severity, showing strong positive associations with both overall symptoms (P < 0.001) and pain (P < 0.001). While age also positively impacts pain (P = 0.010) and physical function (P = 0.002), it does not significantly affect stiffness (P = 0.335). Educational and occupational status notably influence the WOMAC scores, affecting overall severity, pain, and physical function (P < 0.05), while gender and stiffness remain unaffected by these factors.
Conclusion. The study has concluded that higher age and BMI are strongly associated with increased severity of pain and functional impairment in individuals with chronic knee osteoarthritis, while stiffness is unaffected by these factors.
Key words
pain, stiffness, functional impairment, knee osteoarthritis, knee pain
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Effects of muscle energy technique overhold relax on pain and range of motion in patients with post-surgical elbow stiffness

Junior Sundresh, Kalidasan Varathan, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Arul Pragassame, Thabbashvinny A.P. Suresh, Makesh Babu Subramanian, Ayman Abdullah Alhammad, Nayef Hamad E Alhatlani, Fadwa Alhalaiqa, Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowzeh, Kavitha Ramanathan

Junior Sundresh et al. – Effects of muscle energy technique overhold relax on pain and range of motion in patients with post-surgical elbow stiffness –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 242-248

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020AHBC

Abstract:
Background. An elbow joint that can move and is stable is important for work, play, and sports. Stiffness in the elbow after surgery is common and can make it difficult to perform daily activities. This is a significant problem for therapy. Therapeutic exercises, especially stretching exercises, are a crucial part of physiotherapy for alleviating elbow stiffness. Muscle Energy Technique (MET) is a manual therapy that uses mild isometric contractions to utilize the muscles’ energy to help with limited limb movement. On the other hand, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is one of the best ways to improve motor performance and speed up recovery by increasing the range of motion and flexibility. The goal is to determine how MET over Hold‑Relax affects pain and range of motion when rehabilitating stiffness in the elbow after surgery.
Methods. A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 12 patients post-elbow fracture fixation. Group A was given MET, while Group B received the Hold-Relax Technique three times a week for three consecutive weeks after the immobilization period. As baseline treatment, both groups received active ROM exercises. Pain (Visual Analog Scale) and ROM (goniometer) were assessed pre- and post-3 weeks.
Results. In the third week, the two treatment groups showed a statistically significant difference in all parametric values (P < 0.05). However, Group B Hold-Relax’s mean difference and paired and unpaired t-test values were greater compared to Group A MET at the end of the third week.
Conclusion. This study concludes that implementing PNF stretch (Hold-Relax) in conjunction with conventional treatment techniques in post-surgical stiffness is beneficial in enhancing the subject’s quality of life by reducing pain and restoring ROM. Hence, PNF (Hold-Relax) can be the best treatment option in physiotherapy practice.
Keywords:
elbow stiffness, muscle energy technique, Hold-Relax, pain, range of motion
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Impact of PNF and MET technique on hamstring flexibility among university students with hamstring tightness

Vijayamurugan Eswaramoorthi, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Ayman Abdullah Alhammad, Arul Pragassame, Makesh Babu Subramanian, Abdulrahman Abdulwahab Alzahrani, Abrar Nayel Alsharief, Kavitha Ramanathan, Fadwa Alhalaiqa, Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowgzeh

 

Vijayamurugan Eswaramoorthi et al. – Impact of PNF and MET technique on hamstring flexibility among university students with hamstring tightness –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 49-54

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020A97H

Abstract

Background. Hamstring tightness affects pelvic posture, contributing to symptoms such as low back discomfort and improper lumbar-pelvic area motions. The purpose of this study is to determine the immediate effectiveness of both Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and Muscle Energy Technique (MET) interventions on hamstring tightness. A paucity of literature has left a research gap on this topic. Thus, my study aims to compare the effects of these two interventions on improving hamstring flexibility among university students with hamstring tightness. Methods. Group I, consisting of 20 subjects, received PNF for 30 minutes. Group II, also consisting of 20 subjects, received MET for 30 minutes. The study was conducted for 4 weeks. Results. The ROM variables were examined using an independent ‘t’ test with a significance level of 0.05. The mean ± SD of the difference in hamstring ROM for the PNF group was 9.77 ± 4.01° and 10.7 ± 5.21° for the MET group. This indicates that a marked difference was obtained between Group I and Group II, as well as a substantial variation between both the pre-intervention and post-intervention values. Conclusion. The findings demonstrated that both PNF and MET significantly improved (p = 0.000) ROM. Meanwhile, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between these two interventions.

Keywords:

hamstring tightness, PNF, MET, range of motion, knee extensiona

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