Tag: mora projekcyjna

Restitution and the influence of different ways of carrying a 4-kilogram schoolbag on the body posture in the frontal, sagittal and transversal planes at 7-year-old students in both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

 

Mirosław Mrozkowiak – Restitution and the influence of different ways of carrying a 4-kilogram schoolbag on the body posture in the frontal, sagittal and transversal planes at 7-year-old students in both sexes –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 324-349

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020AADN

Abstract:
Introduction. The human body is shaped by internal conditions like structural asymmetry and genetic determinants, as well as external conditions such as kinesthetic habits, intellectual, spiritual, and emotional experiences.
Material, method. Body posture tests were carried out in a group of 65 children aged 7 years, using the projection moiré method in four positions: (1) habitual posture, (2) posture after a 10-minute load with a 4-kilogram backpack, (3) one minute after the load was removed, (4) two minutes after the load was removed.
Results. The study analyzed the correlations between differences in body posture in frontal, sagittal, and transversal planes under various conditions. The findings show that the greatest disturbances during the transportation of the backpack and two-minute restitution occur in the frontal plane.
Conclusions. (1) The greatest disturbances occur in the frontal plane during the two-minute restitution phase. (2) The smallest postural disturbances occur when the backpack is carried on the back, while the greatest disturbances are caused by carrying it with one hand or on the chest.

Keywords:
children’s health, moiré topography, physical fitness, postural asymmetry factor

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Which way of carrying a four-kilogram schoolbag disturbs the body posture the least and which disturbs the most in 7-year-old students of both sexes?

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

 

Mirosław Mrozkowiak –Which way of carrying a four-kilogram schoolbag disturbs the body posture the least and which disturbs the most in 7-year-old students of both sexes? Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(5); 6-29

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20B24g

Abstract
Introduction. The aim of the research was to determine, which of the analyzed ways of carrying shows the strongest and the weakest correlations with the values after a 10-minute loading with a four-kilogram schoolbag after two-minute restitution. Material, method. The body posture research was carried among a group of 65 children aged 7 with the projection moiré in 4 positions: 1- habitual position, 2- position after a 10-minute loading, 3 – after one minute of the load removal and 4- after two minutes of the load removal. Results. There were analyzed correlations of the differences values of the frontal, sagittal and transversal plane features in a habitual position with the values after a ten-minute loading with a four-kilogram schoolbag as well as with values after two-minute restitution. Conclusions. (1) Carrying a four-kilogram loading in two equal containers on the chest and back or one on the back disturbs body posture statics the least of a 7-year-old student. (2) The fullest restitution of the values of body posture features takes place after carrying two equal containers on the chest and back or one on the back. (3) The most unfavourable changes of the values of body posture features during carrying and restitution appear when the schoolbag is carried on the chest and dragged with right or left hand.

Key words:
children’s health, moire topography, physical fitness, postural asymmetry factor

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The difference of the influence of the weight of school supplies on body posture features in carrying on the right or left shoulder by 7-year-old students of both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak


Mirosław Mrozkowiak – The difference of the influence of the weight of school supplies on body posture features in carrying on the right or left shoulder by 7-year-old students of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(3); 32-58

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG143751

Abstract
Introduction. Periodically, at the turn of August and September the problem of overloading children with too heavy schoolbags rises and it may initiate various disorders not only around the spine area. Material, method. The research on body posture was carried out in a group of 65 7-year-old students by Projection Moiré in 8 positions. First position – habitual position, second – after 10 min. of asymmetric loading on the left or right shoulder, third – after 1 min. of the load removal, and fourth – after 2 min. of the load removal. Results. There were analyses of significance of the differences between 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd, 1st and 4th, 2nd and 3rd, and 3rd and 4th measurement to determine the influence of loading and correlation of the differences with physical activity. It was also measured, which way of carrying disturbs the body posture less.
Conclusions.
1. A four-kilograms load of school supplies carried on the left or right shoulder disturbs significantly and negatively biomechanical body statics of a 7-year-old child, which may cause errors in long term perspective and consequently body posture disorders. Relatedly, this way of carrying school supplies is not recommended to first graders.
2. Physical fitness has more significant meaning in biomechanical body statics disorders in frontal plane than in sagittal and transversal plane, relatedly among boys than girls. Endurance and strength show the most common correlations with changes of values of body posture features. In sagittal and transversal plane speed and strength have the greatest meaning but in frontal plane it is endurance and strength.
3. Restitution of none of the analyzed values of body posture features was not complete after 1 and 2 min. when carrying on the left or right shoulder was terminated, which means low overall fitness and immature corrective-compensatory processes.

Key words:
children’s health, moiré topography, physical fitness, postural asymmetry factor

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Restitution of the size of postural features in the frontal plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right and left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak


Mirosław Mrozkowiak – Restitution of the size of postural features in the frontal plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right and left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(1); 6-21

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG07BFF3

Abstract

Introduction. The analysis of the pupil’s environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology consisting not only of the genetic factor but also of the epigenetic one. Material and methods. The study of body posture was carried out in a group of 65 pupils at the age of 7, using the mora projection method in the following eight positions: (four positions for the right-hand thrust and four for the left-hand thrust): 1- habitual posture, 2 – posture after pulling a container with school supplies with one hand for 10 minutes, 3 – one minute after removing the load, 4 – two minutes after removing the load. The measurement of physical fitness was performed using the Sekita test. Results. The significance of differences between measurement 1, 2, 3, and 4 was analysed to determine the restitution of the size of traits after loading and their correlation with physical fitness to examine the relationship with the studied differences. Conclusions. (1) After removing the load, statistically significant restitution occurred after the first and second minute. Restitution was incomplete. (2) In right-hand carriage by boys, endurance significantly correlated with restitution, and among girls it was additionally speed and agility. As regards girls, physical fitness revealed more frequent relationships with restitution. (3) In left-hand carriage by boys, after the first minute, restitution correlated with endurance, power, agility and overall physical fitness, and after two minutes, additionally with strength, while among girls with strength, power, and endurance. After two minutes, restitution correlated with speed and agility in addition to the abovementioned postural features. As far as girls are concerned, physical fitness more often correlated with restitution. (4) Due to incomplete restitution after one and two minutes, asymmetrical carriage is not recommended to children aged 7 years. Physical fitness demonstrated by children does not lead to full restitution of the examined postural features, which suggests its low level and immature correctional and compensational processes.

Słowa kluczowe:
schoolbags, body posture, mora projection, physical fitness, restitution

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Restitution of the size of postural features in the sagittal and transverse plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right or left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

Mirosław Mrozkowiak – Restitution of the size of postural features in the sagittal and transverse plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right or left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(4); 78-95

Abstract
Material, methods. The study covered 65 pupils aged 7, using the mora projection method in four positions: 1 – habitual posture 2 – posture after pulling a container with supplies with right hand for 10 minutes, then with left hand, 3 – one minute after removing the load, 4 – two minutes after removing the load. Physical fitness was measured using the Sekita test. Significance of differences between measurement 2 and 3, and 3 and 4 was analysed to determine restitution of the size of traits after loading and correlation with physical fitness to examine the relationship with differences. Conclusions. (1) Having excluded the load of transported mass, statistically significant restitution occurred after one and two minutes. Restitution was incomplete and independent of gender. (2) In right-hand transport by boys, after one minute, speed and strength significantly correlated with restitution, and after two minutes, endurance, speed, strength and agility correlated with it. Among girls, after one minute, restitution correlated with strength, and after two minutes with endurance and strength. (3) In left-hand transport by boys, after one minute, restitution correlated with strength, power agility and overall fitness, and after two minutes, with endurance, speed, agility and overall physical fitness. Among girls, after one minute, restitution correlated with endurance, speed, strength and agility, after two minutes, with endurance, speed, agility and overall fitness. (4) Due to incomplete restitution of the size of posture, asymmetrical transport is not recommended to 7-year-old children. Physical fitness in children does not cause complete restitution of examined postural.
Key words:
schoolbags, body posture, mora projection, physical fitness, restitution
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Standardization of the diagnosis of body posture using photogrammetric ethods MORA 4G HD

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

Mirosław Mrozkowiak – Standardization of the diagnosis of body posture using photogrammetric ethods MORA 4G HD. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(1); 26-40

Abstract
Introduction. Each test or diagnostic method should meet basic principles consisting of standardization, reliability, accuracy, and normalization. Study aim. An attempt to describe the standardization of body posture diagnostics using the photogrammetric method in a 7-year-old child. Material and methods. For nine consecutive days, we assessed body posture in a group of 52 children aged 7 years by means of the photogrammetric method. The girls’ average body mass was 24.46 kg and body height was 123.87 cm, and, among boys, these values were respectively: 24.56 kg and 123 cm. All children represented the slender body type. Findings. The conducted statistical analysis showed no significant differences between subsequent tests and within each feature describing body posture in all children involved in the study. Only in individual, the feature KLB: the shoulder line angle, where the right shoulder is higher, revealed a significant difference. Conclusions. Insignificant differences observed in subsequent measurements of torso features prove the accuracy and high standard of the instituted examination procedure and the significant reliability of test results obtained. There was a significant difference in the KLB parameter: the shoulder line angle is due to the cohort size rather than to the most limited inaccuracies. This significant difference may also be a consequence of the great lability of the child’s body posture and the trait itself.
Key words:
mora projection, body posture, standardization
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The impact of weight of school supplies transported by pulling with the left or right hand on body posture features in the frontal plane of 7-year-old students of both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

M. Mrozkowiak – The impact of weight of school supplies transported by pulling with the left or right hand on body posture features in the frontal plane of 7-year-old students of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2020; 20(4); 78-92

Abstract
Introduction. The analysis of a student’s environment involves a set of stressors in the field of human ecology, including not only genetic but also epigenetic factors.
Material, method. Body posture examinations were carried out in a group of 65 students aged 7, using the moiré projection method in eight positions: 1 – habitual posture, 2 – posture after 10 minutes of pulling a container with school supplies with one hand, 3 – one minute after removing the load, 4 – two minutes after removing the load. Physical fitness was measured using the Sekita test, supplemented with an endurance test. The significance of differences between measurements 1 and 2 was analysed to determine the impact of load and its correlation with physical fitness, to study its impact on the value of differences in body posture features. Conclusions. 1. Transport of school supplies by pulling a container with the left or right hand causes significant changes in the values of selected body posture features of girls and boys. It should be assumed that these changes will be even greater the heavier the weight of the container, the longer the transport time and the greater the intensity of physical effort. Therefore, this method of transporting school supplies by first-grade students should not be recommended. 2. The level of general physical fitness has a diversified impact on the scope of changes in body posture features as a result of the adopted method of transport of school supplies. Among boys, the impact is significant, and among girls only when pulling with the right hand. Taking into account individual abilities, among boys, the value of posture features is affected by speed, power, endurance and agility, and among girls, additionally by strength.

Key words:
backpack, body posture, projection moiré, physical fitness

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The evaluation of the imapct of flexion and extension angles and lateral torso flexion on the selected spine and pelvis parametres

Mirosław Mrozkowiak, Alicja Kaiser

M. Mrozkowiak, A. Kaiser – The evaluation of the imapct of flexion and extension angles and lateral torso flexion on the selected spine and pelvis parametres. Fizjoterapia Polska 2020; 20(1); 24-34

Abstract
The aim of the research was to assess the impact of flexion and extension angles and lateral torso flexion on the selected spine and pelvis parameters among the population of children aged between 7 and 15 years.
Material and methods. The research was conducted in randomly selected kindergartens and schools in the Warmia and Masuria region and the Pomerania region during six semi-annual editions. The study population consisted of 2,361 children. This allowed to record 16,608 observations of 31 parameters describing body posture using the photogrammetric method.
Results. The analysis of multiple regression with selection of the subset of the optimal set of variables included four parameters affecting the following: flexion angle and extension angle in the sagittal plane, angle of flexion to the left and to the right in the frontal plane. The set of variables included the parameters of the pelvis-spine complex.
Conclusions.
1. Spinal parameters are significantly and positively affected by the angle of torso extension in the sagittal plane and the angle of flexion to the left in the frontal plane and negatively influenced by the flexion angle in the sagittal plane.
2. The values of torso extension and flexion angles in the sagittal plane and torso flexion to the left and right in the frontal plane have a significant and positive impact on the total length of the spine (C7-S1) and the percentage of growth (DCK%), the Delta angle and the height of lumbar lordosis. The inclination angle of the lumbosacral spine, the total spinal length and the percentage of body height and the height of lumbar lordosis account for the parameters that are most dependent on the angles describing vertical orientation of the axial organ.
3. The significant negative impact on the spine parameters is remarkably lower. The most negatively dependent parameters include: lumbosacral inclination angle, the length and angle of thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis angle.
4. Hardly any influence of the analysed angles on pelvis parameters demonstrated herein requires further studies on the impact of foot parameters on the parameters of pelvis and spine.
5. The significant correlations of flexion and extension angles in the sagittal plane as well as the flexion angle in the frontal plane should be taken into consideration in the process of correcting body posture defects and errors.

Słowa kluczowe:
mora projection, spine and pelvis parameters

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Impact of the environment, age, gender, height and weight on the size of spinal-pelvic syndrome features

Alicja Kaiser, Mirosław Mrozkowiak

A. Kaiser, M. Mrozkowiak – Impact of the environment, age, gender, height and weight on the size of spinal-pelvic syndrome features. Fizjoterapia Polska 2019; 19(4); 64-74

Abstract
The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of the environment, age, gender, height and weight on selected values of features describing the spinal-pelvic syndrome.
Material and methods. The study was conducted in a population of 2,361 children aged 7 to 15, in six semi-annual editions. This allowed to register 16,608 observations of 31 features describing body posture using the photogrammetric method.
Results. Due to the number of measurements obtained and the results of statistical calculations, only the results of the impact of high and medium significance were qualified for the analysis, consciously ignoring the impact of little significance. For multiple regression analysis with the selection of a subset of the optimal set of variables, five influencing parameters were selected: environment: city, age, gender: boy, girl, height and weight. The set of variables included parameters of the spinal-pelvic syndrome.
Conclusions:
1. The impact of the environment, gender, height and weight on selected body posture features is multidirectional and diverse.
2. Gender, then body height, body weight, environment and age have a significant and positive impact on body posture. The environment, then height and weight, gender and age significantly and negatively affect posture features.
3. Body weight and height as well as the environment significantly and positively affect the alpha angle; however, the alpha angle is negatively affected by gender and age. Body weight and height as well as the environment negatively affect the length of thoracic kyphosis; however, it is positively affected by gender and age. Body height and the environment positively affect the height of the lumbar lordosis; however, it is negatively affected by body weight, gender and age.

Key words:
projection moiré, body posture features, environment, gender, age, weight and height

 

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