Abstract
The psychological well-being of students is a critical aspect of their overall development, influencing academic performance, social relationships, and adaptability. Physical education (PE) has been identified as a key contributor to mental health, offering benefits such as stress reduction, emotional stability, and improved mood. This study aims to systematically review the literature on the impact of PE and related factors on students’ psychological well-being. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) approach, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant articles published between 2019 and 2024 were sourced from databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, using keywords like “physical education” and “psychological well-being.” After a rigorous screening process, 13 studies were included for in-depth analysis. Data were extracted systematically, focusing on methodologies, sample characteristics, and key findings. The review highlights five main findings. First, teachers’ need-supportive behaviors enhance students’ motivation and well-being, while need-thwarting behaviors negatively impact psychological outcomes. Second, interventions in school environments, particularly those promoting physical activity, foster mental health and social connections. Third, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted physical activity levels, leading to a decline in mental health, especially among active students. Fourth, regular exercise, particularly light to moderate intensity, significantly improves cognitive and emotional well-being. Finally, protective factors like resilience, mindfulness, and social support mitigate stress and strengthen psychological stability. The findings emphasize the interconnected roles of teacher behavior, school environment, physical activity, and personal resilience in shaping students’ mental health. Holistic approaches integrating these elements can enhance the effectiveness of PE in promoting well-being. The pandemic underscored the need for adaptive strategies to maintain physical activity during crises. Physical education, supported by need-sensitive teaching, positive school environments, and personal resilience, is pivotal in fostering students’ psychological well-being. The insights from this review provide actionable recommendations for educators and policymakers to design interventions that promote holistic student development.

Key words
psychological well-being, physical education, school environment