Monitoring the process of rehabilitation in children with disorders of central coordination

Wojciech Kiebzak, Czesław Szmigiel, Barbara Błaszczyk

Wojciech Kiebzak, Czesław Szmigiel, Barbara Błaszczyk – Monitoring the process of rehabilitation in children with disorders of central coordination. Fizjoterapia Polska 2003; 3(3); 243-249

Abstract

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to describe the psychomotor development of infants with disorders of central coordination in the first year of life. Material and methods. 198 infants with various degrees of central coordination disorder were examined. The infants were divided into 5 groups depending on the level of their maturity when born and their fetal age. The course of improvement in rehabilitation was monitored every six weeks in the outpatient rehabilitation clinic. Neuron-development diagnostics were used to monitor progress. In order to depict the dynamics of rehabilitation effects on the treated infants, the T1 scale was applied. This scale differentiates the examined population precisely: the larger the number of infants with positive outcome (monitored in successive examinations), the more the results approach 50-55. Results. Statistical analysis shows a decrease in the results on the T1 scale. Conclusions. A distinct difference in the speed and quality of changes in the physical functioning of infants can be seen if one compares the examined group of infants with the group of premature and dystrophic infants with a birth weight of less than 1500 g.

Key words:
central coordination disorders, LBW
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A comparison of conceptions concerning rehabilitation following facial nerve injuries in children

Wojciech Kiebzak, Czesław Szmigiel, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Marek Zięba

Wojciech Kiebzak, Czesław Szmigiel, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Marek Zięba – A comparison of conceptions concerning rehabilitation following facial nerve injuries in children. Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(1); 22-26

Abstract

Background. The authors studied the dynamics of the improvement of facial muscle motor function in children with peripheral facial nerve paresis. The objective of the present investigations is the comparison of the therapeutic effect achieved in children with peripheral facial nerve paresis using neurophysiological stimulation with the effects obtained with laser biostimulation and electrostimulation. Material and methods. 51 children with peripheral damage of the facial nerve symptoms were examined. To assess the function of the above muscles, a „0” to „3” score scale developed by Pietruski was used. The children were divided into three groups: Group 1 (N=17) received laser biostimulation (4-6 J/cm2, 3-4 procedures per week, 20 procedures per series, a CTL-1106 MX 830 nm, 400 mW laser manufactured by Laser Instruments); Group 2 children (N=17) were subjected to a therapy that combined elements of three neurophysiological methods: the reflex therapy developed by Vojta, method PNF and elements of the Castillo-Morales method; Group 3 patients (N=17) were subjected to impulse electrostimulation (an Pulsotronic ST-5D electrostimulator manufactured, with impulse duration of 80 – 180 ms, frequency of 1 – 4 Hz and amplitude of 20 – 60 mA). All the children were subjected to passive, passive-active and active motor exercises of the facial muscles and delicate massage. Results. In the first examination at the beginning of therapy, mimical muscle function was poor and the score low: in Group 1 – 4.2, Group 2 – 4.8 and in Group 3 – 6.2. In consequence of various types of stimulatory treatment, the mean time of muscle function restoration in the investigated patients was as follows: Group 1 – 33.4 days, Group 2 – 22,9 days and Group 3 – 41.7 days. Conclusion. Reflex forms of therapy using the methods of PNF, Castillo-Morales and Vojta constitute an effective and commonly available rehabilitative treatment modality in peripheral damage to the facial nerve. Effectiveness of electrostimulation turn out to be very low that is why using this method in peripheral facial nerve paralysis treatment isn’t crucial.

Key words:
paresis nervi facialis, methods of physiotherapy, facial muscle
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The importance of quality in the practice of physiotherapy. The case of the Regional Specialised Paediatric Hospital in Kielce

Wojciech Kiebzak, Małgorzata Starczyńska, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Ireneusz M. Kowalski, Lucyna Robak, Marek Kiljański, Marek Woszczak, Magdalena Jaskólska-Pisiewicz

Wojciech Kiebzak, Małgorzata Starczyńska, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Ireneusz M. Kowalski, Lucyna Robak, Marek Kiljański, Marek Woszczak, Magdalena Jaskólska-Pisiewicz – The importance of quality in the practice of physiotherapy. The case of the Regional Specialised Paediatric Hospital in Kielce. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(2), 133-144

Abstract

Background. The aim of this paper was to show that procedures used within the framework of therapeutic management at the Regional Specialised Paediatric Hospital in Kielce improve the quality of service, which is the main condition for the hospital to remain on the market of health service providers. The high quality of services has been confirmed by the recent conferring of an accreditation certificate which requires that the hospital operate on the basis of a number of documented procedures, instructions and standards. The therapeutic activities of the hospital are based on a set of instructions providing detailed guidelines concerning the management of particular medical conditions. Material and methods. The study included children who were hospitalized or treated on an outpatient basis. Patient management was based on a set of instructions. An anonymous questionnaire concerning the quality of treatment and the level of satisfaction with the service was distributed among the children’s guardians and parents. Results. In the first and the second half of the year 2005, 95% and 86% of parents respectively assessed service quality as very good. 92% of parents gave the rating of very good in the first half of the year 2006 and 79% did so in the second half of the year. These results confirmed the high quality and efficacy of as well as satisfaction with the treatment received by the children. Conclusions. The observance of specified instructions during the therapeutic process improves the quality of service and minimizes the possibility of medical malpractice.

Key words:

quality, standard, instructions, rehabilitation treatment

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Kinesiotaping application in children with scoliosis

Zbigniew Śliwiński, Wojciech Kufel, Bartłomiej Halat, Beata Michalak, Jan Szczegielniak, Wojciech Kiebzak, Tomasz Senderek

Zbigniew Śliwiński, Wojciech Kufel, Bartłomiej Halat, Beata Michalak, Jan Szczegielniak, Wojciech Kiebzak, Tomasz Senderek – Kinesiotaping application in children with scoliosis. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(3); 370-375

Abstract
Background. Scoliosis is still a serious problem, despite numerous therapeutic methods. Kinesiotapping (KT) is one of the methods, which can prove helpful in scoliosis treatment. Using proper applications, we can affect alteration of stability line and achieve balance of the spine. Material and methods. The studies were conducted in Zgorzelec Rehabilitation Centre. The participants were 18 children, who stayed there for rehabilitation, including 16 girls and 2 boys. The mean age was 12 years in this group. Changes in the waist angle were evaluated before and after KT application. Results. The obtained results indicate that application of KT in the examined group results in waist angle change, on average by 4 degrees. For left waist angle this mean value is 5.27 degrees, while for the right waist angle it is 2.58 degrees. The highest value for correction was 11.2 degrees. Conclusions. Selected KT techniques result in changes in stability line course, which is also manifested by waist angle change. Due to muscular and fascial tone normalization, the posture of a child with scoliosis changes in the frontal and sagittal plane. KT as a new method, using multiple forms and techniques, seems helpful in carrying out rehabilitation programme for children with scoliosis.
Key words:
scoliosis, KT application, angle of waist
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Body equilibrium assessment in patients with degenerative changes after whole-body cryostimulation connected with physiotherapy

Marek Kiljański, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Wojciech Kufel, Wojciech Kiebzak, Marek Woszczak

Marek Kiljański, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Wojciech Kufel, Wojciech Kiebzak, Marek Woszczak – Body equilibrium assessment in patients with degenerative changes after whole-body cryostimulation connected with physiotherapy. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(3); 286-298

Abstract
Background. The authors present the results obtained in a group of 126 participants. The aim of the study was to determine whether a four-week program of physiotherapy including whole-body cryostimulation, applied in patients with degenerative changes in the spine, influences their body equilibrium and pain sensation. Material and methods. The examined group comprised 66 patients with degenerative changes in the lumbar spine, while the control group consisted of 60 participants. Apart from an individually designed rehabilitation program, each patient participated in 20 sessions of whole-body cryostimulation. The measurement of lumbosacral spine mobility and the assessment of pain sensation using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were performed before the first and after the last session. Moreover, after the first, tenth and twentieth session of general cryostimulation, measurements on a stabilometric platform were conducted. The healthy participants, who were qualified as the control group, underwent tests on the stabilometric platform after one session in the cryogenic chamber. The aim of these tests was to compare the differences in the stabilogram curve in healthy individuals and patients with degenerative changes in the lumbar spine. The effect of cryostimulation procedures on pain sensation and mobility of the lumbosacral spine was assessed. Additionally, the effect of cryogenic temperatures on body equilibrium was studied. Results. The comparison of the results, obtained before the procedure and after completing the therapy indicates that general cryostimulation in a physiotherapeutic program for patients with degenerative changes in the lumbar spine contributes to relaxation of excessively tense muscles. Conclusions. The use of whole body cryostimulation in patients with degenerative changes in the lumbosacral spine, combined with a properly designed and managed physiotherapeutic program, decreases pain sensation in a statistically significant way. The application of cryogenic temperatures, combined with physiotherapeutic program, favourably affect patient body equilibrium.
Słowa kluczowe
physiotherapy, spine, cryostimulation, coordination, stabilometric platform
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Assessment of the efficacy of local cryotherapy in children with cerebral palsy

Marek Woszczak, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Marek Kiljański, Wojciech Kiebzak, Marcin Szczepanik, Wiesław Tomaszewski

Marek Woszczak, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Marek Kiljański, Wojciech Kiebzak, Marcin Szczepanik, Wiesław Tomaszewski – Assessment of the efficacy of local cryotherapy in children with cerebral palsy. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(3); 275-285

Abstract
Background. The author presents the results of a study of 60 children with infantile cerebral palsy carried out at a rehabilitation centre in the town of Zgorzelec. The study aimed to demonstrate that a 4-week programme of customised kinesiotherapy with cryostimulation of the lower limbs with liquid nitrogen vapour could have a beneficial effect on motor status as well as muscle tone and skin surface temperature in children with infantile cerebral palsy. Material and methods. A group of children of both sexes aged 3-14 with infantile cerebral palsy underwent 4 weeks of customised kinesiotherapy combined with cryostimulation of both lower limbs. Muscle tone was determined with a Szirmai myotonometer using special methodology. The level of spasticity was estimated with the Ashworth test, and motor activity assessment was made before and after the treatment according to a score table designed by the authors. Thermovisual recordings of skin surface temperature in the lower limbs were made immediately before and 5 and 15 minutes after cryostimulation procedures at the beginning and end of the 4-week programme. Results and Conclusions. A comparison of the results of the motor activity assessment, Ashworth test and myotonometry before and after the rehabilitation programme shows that the use of cryostimulation in the rehabilitation of children with infantile cerebral palsy results in a reduction of spasticity in the lower limbs and improvement in motor activity. Thermovisual analysis of skin surface temperature demonstrates full adaptation of the children’s vascular system, i.e. excellent safety of topical cryostimulation.
Key words:
infantile cerebral palsy, spastic muscle tone, local cryostimulation, Ashworth test, motor activity assessment, Szirmai myotonometer, thermovision
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The influence of kinesiotaping applications on lymphoedema of an upper limb in women after mastectomy

Anna Lipińska, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Wojciech Kiebzak, Tomasz Senderek, Janusz Kirenko

Anna Lipińska, Zbigniew Śliwiński, Wojciech Kiebzak, Tomasz Senderek, Janusz Kirenko – The influence of kinesiotaping applications on lymphoedema of an upper limb in women after mastectomy. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(3); 258-269

Abstract
Background. Doctor Kenzo Kase is a creator of the method Kinesio Taping. In the course of years-lasting experiences he worked out a plas-ter called Kinesio Tex, which applied during therapy in the form of application affects a patient not only during a visit, but also after its finishing supporting autotherapy of an organism. The usage of the method of kinesiotaping at women after mastectomy influences on the decrease of oedema lymphatic and normalization of muscular tension. Material and methods. Researches were conducted in Rehabilitation Ward of Swiętokrzyskie Oncology Centre in the period from November 2006 to February 2007. The group consisted of 25 women at the age of 40 to 70 years old (the average of their age 55,16 years) treated because of breast cancer with oedema lymphatic. Every woman taking part in the experiment was subjected to kinesiotaping therapy. The research of measurement of oedema lymphatic, the muscular strength of indicated muscular structures as well as the range of movement in a humeral joint, elbow joint, wristradial joint were carried out in four series: before the first application (research I), before every next (research II, III) and after the last application (research IV). In the break between researches a patient was obliged to follow rules referring to behaviour after mastectomy. Results. Assessment of the efficiency of an upper limb at women after mastectomy shows that a 20 – day cycle of improving with the use of lymphatic applications of the kinesiotaping method considerably reduced oedema lymphatic which 24%, increases range of motion 20 % and normalization of muscular tension brings satisfactory therapeutic effects. Conclusions. Lymphatic applications accelerate lymphatic and venous microcirculation, reduces the stasis of lymph in intercellular spaces. Decrease of oedema contributes to the improvement of movement range in all joints of an upper limb and normalization of muscular tension con-tributing to the increase of muscular strengt.
Key words:
Kinesio Taping Method, lymphatic applications, mastectomy, lymphoedema
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The effect of early rehabilitation on locomotor function in post-stroke patients – preliminary report

Emil Domański, Magdalena Wilk, Wojciech Kiebzak, Zbigniew Śliwiński

Emil Domański, Magdalena Wilk, Wojciech Kiebzak, Zbigniew Śliwiński – The effect of early rehabilitation on locomotor function in post-stroke patients – preliminary report. Fizjoterapia Polska 2008; 8(1); 83-95

Abstract
Background. Cerebral stroke is defined by the WHO as sudden onset of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting longer then 24h, or leading to death, caused by changes in the arterial or vascular system of the brain. The aim of this study was to assess the effect to early rehabilitation on the locomotor function in stroke patients. Material and method. A group of 30 patients with hemiparesis within 24h after the onset of stroke and after 14 days of rehabilitation. The locomotor assessment was carried out according to the PNF functional status of muscles and gait patterns. Activities of daily living were evaluated according to the Repty Functional Index (RFI) and the Simple Chart of Locomotor Activities (PKCM). The level of disability was graded to the Rankin scale. For logistic reasons, the study did not include a control group, so that the paper is treated as a preliminary report.Results. Locomotor improvement was achieved in 40% of patients, with reduction in disability in 50%. Improved locomotor function led to urinary function improvement in 50% of patients. Motor dysfunction of the upper limb was reduced thanks to physiotherapy in 40% of patients. Conclusions. Early rehabilitation leads to improved function as defined by the functional status of muscles and hait patterns. The adopted rehabilitation programme resulted in improved functional indepedence evaluated on the basis of the Repty Functional Index (WFR) and Simple Chart of Activities (PKCM). The locomotor improvement resulted in urinary improvement in 50% of patients. Early rehabilitation improved the locomotor function of the paretic upper limb. The conclusions need to be verified in further studies with control groups.
Key words:
cerebral stroke, hemiparesis, early rehabilitation, functional status
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Autonomia zawodu fizjoterapeuty na przykładzie systemu kształcenia w USA

Małgorzata Starczyńska, Wojciech Kiebzak, Zbigniew Śliwiński

Małgorzata Starczyńska, Wojciech Kiebzak, Zbigniew Śliwiński – Autonomia zawodu fizjoterapeuty na przykładzie systemu kształcenia w USA. Fizjoterapia Polska 2008; 8(2); 217-222

Streszczenie
Uzyskanie autonomii zawodowej potwierdzającej specjalistyczną wiedzę i umiejętności zawodowe jest podstawą działań podejmowanych przez stowarzyszenia fizjoterapeutów działających w USA. Pomimo faktu, iż większość stanowych aktów prawnych daje pacjentom możliwość bezpośredniego skorzystania z oceny i leczenia przez fizjoterapeutów, nie ma aktu prawnego, który jednoznacznie formułowałby zakres autonomicznej praktyki. Stowarzyszenie Fizjoterapii Amerykańskiej (American Physical Therapy Association – APTA) pełni wiodącą rolę w dbaniu o jakość kształcenia i praktykowania fizjoterapeutów. Zdefiniowana przez Zarząd Dyrektorów APTA autonomiczna praktyka opiera się na profesjonalizmie, odpowiednim poziomie kształcenia i możliwości bezpośredniego dostępu pacjenta do usług fizjoterapeutycznych. W USA istnieje kilka ścieżek edukacyjnych pozwalających uzyskać zawód fizjoterapeuty. Dynamiczna natura praktyki fizjoterapeutycznej wpływa na ewaluację programów nauczania. Większość programów zapewnia kształcenie na poziomie magisterskim lub zawodowym doktoranckim. Stopień doktora fizjoterapii uzyskiwany w toku kształcenia nie jest równoznaczny z akademicką nominacją fizjoterapeutów. Programy studiów doktoranckich stanowią 79,4% spośród wszystkich akredytowanych programów kształcących fizjoterapeutów. Przeznaczone są w szczególności dla doświadczonych pracowników klinik, podnoszą umiejętności kliniczne w konkretnej dziedzinie. Finałem ukończenia akredytowanego programu przygotowującego do zawodu fizjoterapeuty jest przystąpienie do Państwowego Egzaminu Fizjoterapii (National Physical Therapy Examination – NPTE). Ogólnokrajowy wynik zdania egzaminu ustalany jest przez Federację Stanowych Władz Fizjoterapii (Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy – FSBPT). Podniesieniu kompetencji służy również ukończenie specjalizacji klinicznej. Amerykański Zarząd Specjalizacji Fizjoterapii (American Board of Physical Therapy Specialities – ABPTS) oferuje uzyskanie specjalizacji w kilku obszarach zainteresowań, w najbliższej przyszłości również w nowym zakresie jakim jest zdrowie kobiet. Wyrazem dbałości o jakość usług fizjoterapeutycznych jest konieczność ponownej recertyfikacji specjalistów klinicznych po 10 latach.
Słowa kluczowe
fizjoterapia

The use of botulinum toxin in clinical practice

Olga Wolska, Wojciech Kiebzak, Wiesław Tomaszewski, Ireneusz Kowalski, Mariusz Majewski, Józef Szarek, Katarzyna Zaborowska-Sapeta

Olga Wolska, Wojciech Kiebzak, Wiesław Tomaszewski, Ireneusz Kowalski, Mariusz Majewski, Józef Szarek, Katarzyna Zaborowska-Sapeta – The use of botulinum toxin in clinical practice. Fizjoterapia Polska 2008; 8(2); 105-114

Abstract
Botulinum toxin is increasingly used in clinical practice as a basic or adjunctive agent in many fields modern medicine. In the field of rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal system, the introduction of botulinum toxin has opened new unexpected therapeutic avenues. This method broadens the possibilities for therapeutic intervention of doctors and physiotherapists, for whom complete recovery or improvement of the patient’s overall physical capacity is the measure of success. Because of its effectiveness and high safety for the patient, it is considered to be a modern and promising medicinal agent. The possibility of applying botulinum toxin selectively and, at the same time, precisely makes for a good clinical effect, while an appropriate pharmacological safety margin is also maintained. Although the range of indications is broad, it is in the treatment of spasticity of particular muscle groups who received the treatment as quickly as possible. Absolute contraindications include: myasthenia gravis, myasthenic syndrome, blood coagulability disorders. The most serious relative contraindications are pregnancy and breast-feeding. Intensive clinical research as well as numerous scientific meetings are making it possible for the method to gain more popularity and also to the clinical experience. Current standards of botulinum toxin use have been elaborated and published by an interdisciplinary group of experts. These standards are guidelines for practicing physicians. The author’s experience and available literature have served to present a state-of-the-art review of the use of botulinum toxin in clinical practice.
Key words:
spasticity, botulinum toxin, cerebral palsy
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