Tag: stroke

Vandens pratimų su arba be išorinių plūdrumo įrenginių įtaka pusiausvyros gerinimui po insulto: apžvalga

Ribka Theresia, Farid Rahman

 

Ribka Theresia, Farid Rahman – Effect of water-based exercise with or without external buoyancy devices in influencing balance improvement in stroke: scoping review –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 350-355

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020A6ZN

Santrauka:
Įvadas. Insultas yra viena iš pagrindinių negalios priežasčių, galinti sukelti spazmus, eisenos sutrikimus ir pusiausvyros problemas. Nors sausumos reabilitacijos metodai yra ištirti, sąnarių ir raumenų apkrovos kelia susirūpinimą, todėl tyrėjai ieško alternatyvų, įskaitant vandens pratimų programas.
Tikslas. Apibendrinti turimus duomenis, ar vandens pratimai, naudojant ar nenaudojant išorinius plūdrumo įrenginius, daro įtaką pusiausvyros pagerinimui po insulto.
Medžiaga ir metodai. Šiame tyrime taikytas apžvalginis metodas, skirtas rasti atsakymus į tyrėjų klausimus. Surinkti straipsniai buvo susisteminti naudojant TIDIER kontrolinį sąrašą, straipsniai ieškoti įvairiose duomenų bazėse.
Rezultatai. Po straipsnių atrankos buvo rasti 20 tinkamų straipsnių. Aprašytos išsamios tyrimo populiacijos, intervencijos ir rezultatai.
Išvados. Vandens pratimai yra veiksmingi insulto pacientams. Šie metodai parodė veiksmingumą gerinant pusiausvyrą. Ateityje reikėtų atlikti daugiau vandens pratimų metodų analizės.
Raktiniai žodžiai:
vandens pratimai, insultas, pusiausvyra, kritimo rizika

 

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Fizinio aktyvumo ir depresijos lygio sąsajos su insulto pasikartojimu tyrimas: stebimasis skerspjūvio tyrimas

Lailla Affianti Fauzi, Wara Kushartanti, Novita Intan Arovah, Fauzi, Regina Maria, Adliah Anwar

 

Lailla Affianti Fauzi, Wara Kushartanti, Novita Intan Arovah, Fauzi, Regina Maria, Adliah Anwar – Investigating the relationship between physical activity and depression level with stroke recurrences: An observational cross-sectional study –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 210-215

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020AKKK

Santrauka:
Fonas. Vis dažniau pripažįstamas sudėtingas fizinės sveikatos ir psichinės gerovės ryšys, ypač tarp tų, kurie patyrė insultą. Svarbu įtraukti intervencijas, kurios pabrėžia fizinį aktyvumą kaip svarbų elementą siekiant sėkmingos reabilitacijos po insulto ir užkirsti kelią pasikartojančiam insultui. Šio tyrimo tikslas buvo įvertinti ryšį tarp fizinio aktyvumo ir depresijos lygio bei insulto pasikartojimų.
Metodai. Šiame skerspjūvio tyrime dalyvavo 60 pacientų, kurių amžius nuo 30 iki 85 metų. Visi pacientai buvo gydomi ambulatoriškai Indonezijos ligoninėje po insulto. Insulto pasikartojimas buvo apibrėžtas kaip antrojo insulto įvykis per tris mėnesius po pirminio. Iš visų dalyvių 12 patyrė insulto pasikartojimą, o 48 – ne. Fizinio aktyvumo ir depresijos lygio duomenys buvo surinkti naudojant IPAQ ir PHQ-9 anketas. Paprastoji logistinė regresija buvo naudojama ryšiui tarp fizinio aktyvumo, depresijos ir insulto pasikartojimo įvertinti, atsižvelgiant į amžių ir lytį.
Rezultatai. Pacientai, turintys aukštesnį fizinio aktyvumo lygį, rečiau patyrė insulto pasikartojimą (OR = 0.534, 95% PI 0.201; 1.422), p = 0.027. Tuo tarpu pacientai, turintys aukštesnį depresijos lygį, dažniau patyrė insulto pasikartojimą (OR = 2.055, 95% PI 1.115; 3.787), p = 0.021.
Išvados. Tyrimas pabrėžia, kad mažas fizinis aktyvumas ir aukštas depresijos lygis yra svarbūs veiksniai, didinantys insulto pasikartojimą, todėl svarbu skatinti fizinį aktyvumą ir psichinės sveikatos palaikymą reabilitacijos metu.

Raktiniai žodžiai:
insultas, fizinis aktyvumas, po insulto depresija, insulto pasikartojimas

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Papildomų mentalinių vaizdinių treniruočių poveikis apatinių galūnių funkcijai insultą patyrusiems pacientams, gydomiems virtualios realybės pagalba

Tahir Masood, Tasmiya Asghar, Arshad Nawaz Malik

 

Tahir Masood, Tasmiya Asghar, Arshad Nawaz Malik – Effects of additional mental imagery training on lower limb function in stroke patients treated with virtual reality –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(2); 89-93

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG56083OG

Tikslas. Įvertinti, ar insultą patyrę pacientai, kuriems taikomas užduočių orientuotas ir virtualios realybės treniruotės derinys, gali papildomai naudos gauti pridedant motorinių vaizdinių treniruotes, siekiant pagerinti apatinių galūnių sensomotorinę funkciją, pusiausvyrą, eiseną ir kritimo riziką.
Medžiaga ir metodai. Trisdešimt lėtinių insultą patyrusių pacientų (40-60 metų) dalyvavo šiame vieno aklo atsitiktinių imčių kontroliuojamame tyrime, kuris buvo atrinktas pagal patogumo atrankos metodą ir atsitiktinai paskirtas į eksperimentinę grupę arba kontrolinę grupę. Eksperimentinė grupė dalyvavo virtualios realybės treniruotėse kartu su mentalinių vaizdinių treniruotėmis, o kontrolinė grupė – virtualios realybės treniruotėse kartu su įprastiniu gydymu. Abi intervencijos truko 6 savaites, po 3 sesijas per savaitę. Duomenys buvo renkami naudojant Berg pusiausvyros skalę, Fugl-Meyer apatinių galūnių vertinimą, Viskonsino eisenos skalę, laiko iki kėlimo ir vaikščiojimo testą ir 10 metrų vaikščiojimo testą pradiniu momentu ir po 3 bei 6 savaičių.
Rezultatai. Eksperimentinės grupės dalyviai parodė žymiai geresnius rezultatus, palyginti su kontrolinės grupės dalyviais visais tyrimo matavimais (P < 0.05). Be to, abi grupės, palyginti su pradiniais duomenimis, žymiai pagerėjo (P < 0.05).
Išvados. Integruojant motorinių vaizdinių treniruotes į lėtinių insultą patyrusių pacientų, gydomų užduočių orientuotu ir virtualios realybės treniruotėmis, reabilitacijos planus, pacientų rezultatai žymiai pagerėja.
Klinikinių tyrimų registras: NCT05812638

Raktažodžiai: Motoriniai vaizdiniai, insultas, apatinių galūnių funkcija, exergaming, eisena

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Veiksmingumas vidutinio iki didelio intensyvumo fizinio aktyvumo tarp numatomos insulto rizikos populiacijos. Pilotinis tyrimas

N. Shazia Neelam, H.Manjunatha, P. Senthil, Saina Swathi,P. Antony Leo Aseer, K.C. Gayathri

N. Shazia Neelam, H.Manjunatha, P. Senthil, Saina Swathi,P. Antony Leo Aseer, K.C. Gayathri – Effectiveness of moderate to vigorous physical activity among stroke risk predicted population. A pilot study –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(1); 105-113

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG2EF80LR

Santrauka
Fonas. Didėjantis insulto paplitimas, ypač tarp jaunesnių populiacijų šalyse, pavyzdžiui, Indijoje, reikalauja efektyvių prevencinių strategijų. Tokių keičiamų rizikos veiksnių kaip aukštas kraujo spaudimas, diabetas ir rūkymas, labai prisideda prie insulto atvejų skaičiaus. Šis tyrimas sutelkia dėmesį į 12 savaičių vidutinio iki didelio intensyvumo fizinio aktyvumo (MVPA) programos įgyvendinimą, siekiant spręsti šiuos rizikos veiksnius ir sumažinti insulto atvejų skaičių.
Metodologija. Tyrimas apėmė struktūrizuotą MVPA intervenciją tarp asmenų, kuriems gresia insulto rizika, pabrėžiant nuoseklų protokolo laikymąsi. Pagrindiniai rezultatai, įskaitant sistolinį kraujospūdį, gliukozės kiekį kraujyje nevalgius ir bendrą cholesterolio kiekį, buvo stebimi. Širdies ir kraujagyslių sveikatos pagerėjimas buvo įvertintas naudojant Cooperio bėgimo testą. Tyrimas taip pat išnagrinėjo MVPA intervencijos įgyvendinimo galimybes ir priimtinumą, remdamasis dalyvių laikymusi nurodymų.
Rezultatai. MVPA grupė pademonstravo reikšmingą sistolinio kraujospūdžio, gliukozės kiekio kraujyje nevalgius ir bendro cholesterolio kiekio sumažėjimą, palyginti su kontrolinė grupe. Šie rezultatai pabrėžia MVPA veiksmingumą valdant pagrindinius insulto rizikos veiksnius. Be to, dalyviai parodė pagerėjusią širdies ir kraujagyslių ištvermę, išryškinant programos teigiamą poveikį bendrai širdies ir kraujagyslių sveikatai. Aukštas MVPA grupės laikymasis nurodymų rodė struktūrizuotų mankštų protokolų įgyvendinimo asmenims, kuriems gresia insulto rizika, galimybę.
Išvada. Šis pilotinis tyrimas demonstruoja 12 savaičių MVPA programos veiksmingumą mažinant pagrindinius insulto rizikos veiksnius ir gerinant širdies ir kraujagyslių sveikatą tarp asmenų, kuriems gresia insulto rizika. Rezultatai pabrėžia struktūrizuotų mankštų intervencijų svarbą insulto prevencijos pastangose. Nors perspektyvūs, reikalingi tolesni tyrimai su didesniais imčių dydžiais ir ilgesniu trukme, kad būtų įtvirtintos tokio pobūdžio intervencijų tvarios naudos ir įgyvendinamumas. Taikant pritaikytas MVPA programas yra didelis potencialas mažinti insulto riziką, suteikiant vertingų įžvalg potencialas mažinti insulto riziką, suteikiant vertingų įžvalgų pasauliniams insulto prevencijos strategijoms.
Raktiniai žodžiai:
insultas, MVPA, insulto rizikos veiksniai, fizinis aktyvumas
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Use of the posturography platform as a tool for quantitative assessment of imbalance and postural control in post-stroke patients in chronic phase

Paulina Magdalena Ostrowska, Rita Hansdorfer-Korzon, Rafał Studnicki, Dawid Spychała


Paulina Magdalena Ostrowska, Rita Hansdorfer-Korzon, Rafał Studnicki, Dawid Spychała – Use of the posturography platform as a tool for quantitative assessment of imbalance and postural control in post-stroke patients in chronic phase. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(1); 142-163

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG07B4A3

Abstract
Background. Imbalance during standing, which is usually observed as an asymmetry in the weight shifting toward to the unaffected side of the body, is one of the most common factors affecting the independence and quality of life of post-stroke patients. Clinical assessment of imbalance in post-stroke patients is often conducted by visual observation using standardised tools (balance tests). However, quantitative analysis, using a posturographic platform, is more accurate and provides more information about the patient’s functional status. The TYMO® device, used in this study, is a portable posturography platform that measures tilts of the body’s center of mass and reports the results of the rehabilitation process. It enables an objective, direct and quantitative assessment of the patient’s functional status. Such an assessment can contribute to significant effectiveness of physiotherapy and consequently improve the patient’s quality of life and shorten the period of abstinence from work. Objective. Quantitative assessment of imbalance and postural control using a posturography platform (TYMO®) in patients after ischaemic stroke, in the chronic phase, as an important component of the functional diagnosis process and rehabilitation programme design. To emphasise the role of the posturography platform (TYMO®) as a tool for measuring static balance – symmetry of body weight distribution, and a tool for monitoring and reporting the results of physiotherapy treatment. Methods. In the current study, before and after two weeks of rehabilitation, quantitative measurements of balance on the TYMO® platform were made in a group of subjects (n = 60: adults, after ischemic stroke – first stroke episode, in chronic phase – up to 5 years after the stroke incident occurred) undergoing therapy using neurophysiological methods (PNF – Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and NDT-Bobath – Neurodevelopmental Treatment according to the Bobath concept) and the SPIDER system (Strengthening Program for Intensive Developmental Exercises and activities for Reaching health capability). Measurements included: the distance marked by the patient’s center of mass while performing the test, the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior tilts of the subject’s body, the area of movement marked by the body’s center of mass, the average speed at which the patient performed the movement to maintain the required position, and the distribution of the subject’s weight. Based on the posturographic results obtained before therapy, it was possible to design a targeted rehabilitation programme. The magnitude of the difference in measurements before and after rehabilitation made it possible to assess the impact of the therapy on the patient’s balance. In addition, it was a specific indicator of the accuracy of the selection of physiotherapeutic treatment (a large difference in the mean results before and after therapy reflected an improvement in the parameters of postural control, hence the effectiveness of the therapy) and determined the direction of the future rehabilitation programme. Results and conclusions. The parameters measured by the TYMO® platform are crucial in assessing the functional status of post-stroke patients, especially with regard to postural control or balance disorders. The results described confirm the validity of using quantitative assessment, using the posturography platform, as an important component of the functional diagnostic process and designing an rehabilitation programme. The TYMO® platform itself is a useful tool for measuring, monitoring and reporting the effects of physiotherapeutic treatment in post-stroke patients.
Key words:
stroke, body weight distribution, balance, quantitative assessment, posturographic platform
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Effect of pilates training on cognitive functions in patients with stroke: A randomized controlled trial

Raghda Nasr Nassar, Nawal Abou Shady, Mohamed Nabil El-Bahrawy, Ahmed Abdelalim


Raghda Nasr Nassar, Nawal Abou Shady, Mohamed Nabil El-Bahrawy, Ahmed Abdelalim – Effect of pilates training on cognitive functions in patients with stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(5); 26-30

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20ASbq

Streszczenie

Purpose. To investigate the effect of pilates training on cognitive functions in patients with stroke. Materials and Methods. Forty Right stroke patients (Left hemiparesis) of both genders with age ranged from 50–65 years old were recruited randomly and divided into two equal groups; Study group (I) received pilates training therapy and selected physical therapy program for 6 weeks, Control group (II) received the same selected physical therapy program only for 6 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment assessment using RehaCom System, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were done for all patients. Results. Cognitive disorders (Attention, Memory, Reaction behavior and logical reasoning) were significantly improved in study group (pilates training therapy) more than control group (selected physical therapy program). cognitive disorders were improved in both groups with the best improvement results of group (I) more than group (II). Conclusion. Pilates Training program considered an effective physical therapy method for improving cognitive disorders in patients with stroke.

Słowa kluczowe:
stroke, pilates training, cognitive disorders

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Classification of Stroke Riskometer AppTM into low, moderate and high stroke risk range

N. Shazia Neelam, P. Senthil, S. Saina Swathi, S.Subramanian, A. Mohamed Nainar, L. Haribabu, E. Vijayabharathi


N. Shazia Neelam, P. Senthil, S. Saina Swathi, S.Subramanian, A. Mohamed Nainar, L. Haribabu, E. Vijayabharathi – Classification of Stroke Riskometer AppTM into low, moderate and high stroke risk range. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(4); 22-26

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG1A624g

Abstract
Background. Stroke is one of the leading of the causes of disability and according to the global burden of disease (GBD) study in 2010 it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Developing countries reported 85% global burden of stroke enduring 80 percent of death due to hemorrhagic strokes. Stroke-related hospitalization rate in India is 46 per 100,000 persons. However Stroke Riskometer App can be used to significantly improve stroke and Non- Communicable disease prevention, since it operates on latest expansions in risk allocution/communication, International guidelines on stroke and Cardio-Vascular Disease prevention. However, the app does not classify the risk individuals into low, moderate and high categories which will not create any impact over the high risk individual, therefore it calls for the need to classify the tool into low, moderate and high risk ranges. Aim. To classify the Stroke Riskometer App into low, moderate and high stroke risk ranges among adult and elderly population. Methods. Participants were 250 samples selected from Chettinad Academy of Research and Education and S.A. Poly Clinic, Chennai, for over a_period of 6 months (April 2021-September 2021) and the Stroke Riskometer questionnaire along with Framingham Stroke Profile was filled, risk percentage from both the tools were recorded using the App for each individual. Results. Frequency analysis and Chi-square tests were performed, classifying the range into < 5% as low, 6-10% as moderate and > 10% as high risk in Stroke Riskometer tool. In Chi-square test it showed n = 104 as low risk, n = 11 as moderate risk,n = 14 as high risk in both FRS and Stroke Riskometer respectively. The chi-square value is 24.224 and the significant p value is < 0.0001showing that the value is performing well with FRS score. Conclusion. Though the App was classified into ranges it need to be continually developed and validated with larger sample size, heterogenous population and robust ethnic groups.

Keywords
stroke risk factors, stroke, stroke risk scores, ischemic stroke, non-communicable

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The impact of comprehensive spa treatment with the use of a stabilometric platform on postural balance control and functional fitness of patients after a stroke

Agnieszka Nitera-Kowalik, Iwona Sarzyńska-Długosz, Małgorzata Łukowicz, Agnieszka Malec, Robert Owsiński, Wiesław Bujalski

Agnieszka Nitera-Kowalik, Iwona Sarzyńska-Długosz, Małgorzata Łukowicz, Agnieszka Malec, Robert Owsiński, Wiesław Bujalski – The impact of comprehensive spa treatment with the use of a stabilometric platform on postural balance control and functional fitness of patients after a stroke. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(1); 76-93

Abstract
Introduction. Loss of postural balance control is a symptom that occurs in 60% of stroke patients, limiting patients’ mobility and functional efficiency. The reconstruction of lost functions can be achieved thanks to comprehensive spa treatment with the use of a modern device for the assessment and training of balance – a stabilometric platform.
The objective was to assess the impact of comprehensive spa treatment, including therapy on a stabilometric platform, on balance and functional fitness of stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation at the 21st Military Spa and Rehabilitation Hospital in Busko-Zdrój.
Material and methods. Seventeen patients were examined: 6 patients (35.3%) after a haemorrhagic stroke and 11 patients (64.7%) after an ischemic stroke diagnosed according to ICD-10: I.69, G.81; including 4 (23.5%) women and 13 (76.5%) men. Patients in the study group aged 35 to 70 (58.06 on average) received spa and rehabilitation treatment at the 21st Military Spa and Rehabilitation Hospital in Busko-Zdrój. The examinations were carried out from May 2019 to October 2020 as part of the project “Establishing a research laboratory for methods of rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal disorders”. The patients were subject to a comprehensive spa treatment program, extended with objective assessment and exercises on the Alfa stabilometric platform. Selected tests and clinical scales were used for the functional assessment of patients: Timed Up and Go test (TUG test), 10-meter walk test (10 Meter Walk Test), 2-minute walk test (2MWT). The patients were assessed on the day of commencing the spa treatment and after three weeks.
Results. Objective improvement of balance parameters in the stabilometric evaluation after 3 weeks of spa and rehabilitation treatment was noticed in the younger group of patients with right hemiparesis long after a stroke. Patients with left hemiparesis achieved shorter task completion times in the 10MWT and TUG clinical tests. In addition, they covered a longer distance in the 2MWT test.
Conclusions. The program of comprehensive spa and rehabilitation treatment, enriched with training with the use of the Alpha stabilometric platform, had a positive effect on the improvement of balance parameters and gait function in patients long after a stroke. Therapy on a stabilometric platform with the use of biofeedback should be a standard element of therapy in stroke patients.
Key words:
spa treatment, stroke, stabilometric platform
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Comparing between the efficacy of underwater treadmill and over-ground treadmill training program on trunk kinematics in stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial

Zeinab M. Abdelrehim, Nahed A. Salem, Hossam M. El khatib, Mahmoud Y. Elzanaty

Zeinab M. Abdelrehim, Nahed A. Salem, Hossam M. El khatib, Mahmoud Y. Elzanaty – Comparing between the efficacy of underwater treadmill and over-ground treadmill training program on trunk kinematics in stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(5); 14-18

Abstract
Background. Gait disorder is a common clinical problem for stroke survivors. Trunk movement, control and symmetry are important prerequisite for gait. Trunk kinematics rarely investigated during gait cycle. Objective. This study was conducted to compare between the efficacy of underwater treadmill training program (TTP) and over-ground (TTP) in improving trunk kinematics during the gait cycle of stroke patients. Study design. randomized control trial. Methods. Forty male patients suffering from post-stroke gait deficits were assigned randomly into two equal groups: study group (A): received underwater treadmill training program. Control group (B) received over-ground treadmill training program. Patients of both groups were assessed for trunk range of motion (ROM) during gait cycle using slow motion video and goniometer iPad application. Assessment was done before and after four weeks of treatment for both groups. Results. the comparison between groups post treatment showed a significant increase in trunk lateral flexion toward affected and significant decrease in trunk lateral flexion toward unaffected during stance phase with increase in trunk symmetry between both sides in the study group (A) compared with that of control group (B). Conclusion. under water TTP is more effective than over-ground TTP on improving trunk kinematics during the gait cycle of stroke patients.
Key words:
stroke, trunk kinematics, underwater treadmill, over-ground treadmill
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Assessment of the effects of therapy with the use of the Fourier M2 neurological smart robot in post-stroke patients with hemiplegia

Igor Świerkowski, Marcin Krajczy, Ewa Jach, Piotr Kęsicki, Katarzyna Bogacz, Jacek Łuniewski, Jan Szczegielniak

I. Świerkowski, M. Krajczy, E. Jach, P. Kęsicki, K. Bogacz, J. Łuniewski, J. Szczegielniak – Assessment of the effects of therapy with the use of the Fourier M2 neurological smart robot in post-stroke patients with hemiplegia. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(4); 210-220

Abstract
Objective. The objective of the study is to assess the effect of upper limb therapy with the use of the Fourier M2 smart robot in post-stroke patients with right and left hemiplegia. Material and methods. The study included 13 post-stroke patients with hemiplegia. The study group consisted of 11 men and 2 women. Eight patients experienced a left-sided stroke and five patients experienced a right-sided stroke. The patients were assessed using the Fourier M2 robot. Inclusion criteria for the study were the occurrence of a stroke, hemiplegia, dysfunction of the upper limb, and restricted mobility. The patients underwent a 10-day therapy with the use of the Fourier M2 smart robot, which is used for diagnostics, planning and conducting therapy. Statistical calculations were performed using the Statscloud application. Results: On the first day, the caloric values were lower (Mdn = 1.60) than on the last day (Mdn = 3.60), which proves the effects of using a smart robot in the neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. The Wilcoxon test shows a statistically significant difference: z = −3.18; p = 0.003, r = −0.62. On the first day, the result was lower (Mdn = 1,231.00) compared to the last day (Mdn = 1,591.00), which proves the effects of using a smart robot in the neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. The Wilcoxon test shows a statistically significant difference: z = −2.48; p = 0.018, r = −0.49. On the last day, the score values are higher (M = 196.85, SD = 93.14) than on the first day (M = 137.46, SD = 99.96), which proves the effects of using a smart robot in the neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. The T-test shows that the difference was statistically significant: t(12) = −3.22; p = 0.007, Cohen dav = 0.62, observed force = 0.32. With a random pair of values, there is a 73.08% chance that the last day’s value would be higher than the first day’s value. On the first day, the distance values were lower (Mdn = 23.00) than on the last day (Mdn = 52.80), which proves the effects of using a smart robot in the neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. The Wilcoxon test shows that the difference was statistically significant: z = −3.11; p = 0.003, r = −0.61. On the first day, the average speed values were lower (Mdn = 4.50) than on the last day (Mdn = 4.60), which proves the effects of using a smart robot in the neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. The Wilcoxon test shows that the difference is statistically significant: z = −2.76; p = 0.009, r = −0.54. On the first day, the proportion of active movement was higher (M = 27.25, SD = 21.72) than on the last day (M = 25.54, SD = 24.73), which does not prove the effects of using a smart robot in neurorehabilitation stroke patients. The T-test shows that the difference was not statistically significant: t(12) = 0.31, p = 0.758, Cohen dav = 0.07, observed force = 0.04. In the case of a pair of randomly selected values, there is a 52.93% chance that the values on the first day would be higher than on the last day.
Conclusions. 1. The use of the Fourier M2 smart robot does not have a positive effect on increasing the proportion of active movement in post-stroke patients with hemiplegia. 2. The use of the Fourier M2 smart robot has a positive effect on the improvement of the average speed of movement in post-patients with hemiplegia.
3. The use of the Fourier M2 smart robot has a positive effect on increasing the functionality of the upper limb in post-stroke patients with hemiplegia.
Key words:
stroke, neurology, robot, upper limb, hemiplegia
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