Tag: Sivakumar Ramachandran

Skuteczność aktywności opartej na grach w redukcji wychwiań posturalnych i poprawie równowagi u osób starszych

Vignesh V, Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran

Vignesh V, Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran – Effectiveness of game-based activity on postural sway and balance among elderly population –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(1); 40-47

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG007DO16E

Streszczenie
Wprowadzenie. Równowaga pogarsza się wraz z wiekiem, a czynniki na nią wpływające mogą zwiększać wychwiania posturalne i przesuwać środek nacisku stóp. Ograniczona aktywność fizyczna stanowi istotny problem, który przyczynia się do zaburzeń równowagi i zwiększonego ryzyka upadków u osób starszych. Konwencjonalne programy ćwiczeń bywają trudne do wdrożenia w celu poprawy równowagi, podczas gdy aktywność oparta na grach może być bardziej angażująca i motywująca dla seniorów. W niniejszym badaniu zastosowano trening z wykorzystaniem systemu Balance Postural Sway System (BPSS) w celu zmniejszenia wychwiań posturalnych i terapeutycznej poprawy równowagi.
Metody. W badaniu interwencyjnym uczestniczyło 51 starszych osób spełniających kryteria włączenia. Grupa interwencyjna (n = 26) uczestniczyła w aktywności opartej na grach z wykorzystaniem BPSS, natomiast grupa kontrolna (n = 25) realizowała tradycyjny trening równowagi. W badaniu zastosowano parametry BPSS, takie jak wskaźniki środka nacisku stóp w osi X (COFPXI) i osi Y (COFPYI), które odzwierciedlają odpowiednio boczne oraz przednio-tylne wychwiania posturalne. Dodatkowo oceniano rozkład obciążenia między palcami a piętą dla lewej i prawej stopy. Wykorzystano również Skalę Efektywności Upadków (FES-I) oraz Skalę Równowagi Berga (BBS) jako miary wynikowe.
Wyniki. Test t dla próby zależnej wykazał istotne różnice we wszystkich parametrach BPSS—COFPXI, COFPYI, prawym palcu, BBS i FES-I—z wyjątkiem lewego palca-pięty w grupie interwencyjnej. W grupie kontrolnej istotne różnice odnotowano jedynie w BPSS COFPYI, FES-I i BBS (p < 0,05). Test t dla próby niezależnej wykazał, że grupa interwencyjna odnotowała istotnie większą poprawę we wszystkich parametrach równowagi BPSS i FES-I (p < 0,05) w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną, z wyjątkiem BBS.
Wnioski. Aktywność oparta na grach z wykorzystaniem BPSS wykazała skuteczność w redukcji wychwiań posturalnych, poprawie rozkładu nacisku na stopę, zwiększeniu równowagi oraz zmniejszeniu ryzyka upadków u osób starszych. Wyniki sugerują, że włączenie tego typu ćwiczeń do rutynowych programów aktywności fizycznej seniorów może skutecznie poprawiać równowagę i zmniejszać ryzyko upadków.
Słowa kluczowe
równowaga, Balance Postural Sway System, osoby starsze, ryzyko upadku, wychwiania posturalne
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跨文化适应性、有效性和可靠性：印度老年人口中泰米尔语版跌倒效能量表-国际版的研究

Sivakumar Ramachandran, Nandini Rajan

Sivakumar Ramachandran, Nandini Rajan – Cross-cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the Tamil version of the Falls-Efficacy Scale – International in Indian elderly population –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(1); 187-191

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG2EF86RB

摘要
背景。跌倒效能量表-国际版（FES-I）是一个用于评估跌倒恐惧的有效性和可靠性测量工具。然而，值得注意的是，目前FES-I还没有泰米尔语版本。因此，本研究的目的是将该量表跨文化适配成泰米尔语，并随后测试翻译版本的有效性和可靠性。
方法。根据ProFaNE设置的协议，将FES-I的原始英文版本翻译成泰米尔语。泰米尔语版本的FES-I（T）提供给了81名老年泰米尔语参与者。进行统计分析，根据年龄、性别、跌倒恐惧和跌倒历史比较组间差异。通过与TUG测试和SPPB的得分进行比较，评估FES-I（T）的有效性。使用组内相关系数评估FES-I（T）的可靠性。
结果。从FES-I（T）获得的总分与TUG测试获得的分数呈正相关（rs = 0.584），而与从SPPB获得的分数呈负相关（rs = −0.619，p值 < 0.001）。此外，FES-I（T）的重测信度被发现非常优秀，总分的组内相关系数值为0.99。
结论。基于本研究的发现，可以得出结论，FES-I（T）是一个宝贵的工具，可以在临床实践和研究设置中有效使用，以评估说泰米尔语的老年人的跌倒恐惧。
关键词
跌倒效能，老年人，泰米尔语
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在虚拟环境中加强反馈对急性中风后上肢康复的有效性

Hemayuthika Loganathan, Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran

Hemayuthika Loganathan, Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran – Effectiveness of reinforced feedback in virtual environment for upper limb rehabilitation in acute stroke –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(1); 146-153

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG2EF8k5q

摘要
背景。中风后的运动障碍导致上肢功能丧失，这种情况经常持续存在且致残。在虚拟环境中加强反馈（RFVE）能够激活镜像神经元系统，这在动作观察和动作执行期间被刺激。本研究旨在评估RFVE训练后瘫痪上肢近端肌肉的激活情况。
方法论。本研究纳入了24名中风患者，12人为对照组接受了特定障碍的训练，另外12人为实验组使用Oculus Quest 2接受了RFVE训练外加特定障碍的运动训练。两组患者受影响上肢的肩部肌肉表面肌电图（SEMG）均有记录。使用Chedoke – McMaster中风评估量表（CMSA）记录了手臂运动恢复情况。
结果。使用配对t检验分析组内结果，显示两组均有改善，并使用非配对t检验测试组间结果，其中RFVE组在前三角肌、中三角肌的平均肌肉活动以及CMSA得分上比对照组显示出显著改善（p < 0.005*）。
结论。本研究结果表明RFVE在上肢训练中的有益效果，表现为SEMG中肌肉激活的改善以及CMSA得分中手臂恢复的改善。RFVE训练是一种安全且广泛接受的有效干预措施，在急性中风康复中可能成为早期功能恢复的成功干预。
关键词
上肢功能障碍，急性中风，虚拟现实，视觉反馈，SEMG
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对年轻和老年成年人下肢功能本体感觉的分析

Ravi Shankar, Sivakumar Ramachandran, Radhika CM, Parthiban P

 

Ravi Shankar, Sivakumar Ramachandran, Radhika CM, Parthiban P – Analysis of functional prorpioception in lower limb among younger and older adults. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(4); 170-174

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20A7jK

摘要
背景。本体感觉是一种内部感觉，有助于个体学习和无缝执行运动任务。通常，本体感觉缺陷是通过测量关节或肢体在空间中重新定位的误差程度来测试的。大多数测量采用单关节运动，偶尔在实验室环境中使用高科技仪器测试多关节运动。多关节测试可以反映本体感觉缺陷对功能活动的影响。我们使用了一种新颖的方法来测试本体感觉作为功能活动。
目的。本研究旨在分析年轻和老年成年人下肢的功能本体感觉。
方法。对三十七名年轻人和三十七名老年人进行了下肢本体感觉测试，采用了一个目标触摸任务。参与者被要求用睁眼触摸大脚趾触及的目标点。在试验后，他们被要求闭上眼睛触摸目标。测量了三次尝试的距离误差，以厘米为单位。分析采用最小误差。
结果。结果显示，年轻人的平均误差约为2.6厘米，老年人为5.7到6厘米。就年轻人而言，左侧和右侧没有差异，但老年人的左侧较右侧的误差略高。
结论。功能本体感觉在年轻和老年成年人之间存在差异。多关节本体感觉可以为个体有效使用本体感觉的能力提供不同的见解。
关键词
本体感觉，多关节测试，年轻成年人，老年成年人
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Hand grip strengthening exercises on fine motor skills in children with autism spectrum disorder

Mohandass G., Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran


Mohandass G., Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran – Hand grip strengthening exercises on fine motor skills in children with autism spectrum disorder. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(1); 134-140

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG07B63F

Abstract
Background. Movement impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are manifested as both delays and deficits, with delays found in gross motor, fine motor and speech domains and deficits found in coordination, postural control and gait. Functional fine motor task is dependent on hand grip strength (HGS) which is found to be decreased. Therapeutic strategies focus primarily on sensory integration issues but HGS is not comprehensively addressed in improving fine motor skills (FMS).
Objective. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of hand grip strengthening exercises on improving FMS in children with ASD.
Materials and Methods. This interventional study was carried out in 27 children with ASD who were recruited from Vidya sudha – Centre for children with special needs. After including in the study, level of FMS was assessed by Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS-2) and HGS was quantified with Martin Vigorimeter. Control group received conventional therapy and Intervention group received hand grip strengthening exercises along with routine therapy for duration of 6 weeks and HGS and level of FMS were reassessed with same outcome measures.
Results. Paired t test showed statistically significant change of HGS in Intervention group and FMS of both the group with p < 0.05. Unpaired t test showed statistically significant change of HGS and FMS with p < 0.05 in Interventional group compared to control group.
Conclusion. Hand grip strengthening exercises improves the HGS and has positive effect on FMS which can be included in the standard plan of care in rehabilitating children with ASD.
Keywords
motor impairments, fine motor skills, hand grip strength, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Martin Vigorimeter
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Development of a functional training protocol to improve lower limb motor recovery in early sub-acute stroke patients

Meenakshi Jharbade, Sivakumar Ramachandran, Shankar V, John M Solomon


Meenakshi Jharbade, Sivakumar Ramachandran, Shankar V, John M Solomon – Development of a functional training protocol to improve lower limb motor recovery in early sub-acute stroke patients. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(1); 234-239

Streszczenie
Abstract
Background. Functional training is a common intervention practiced in stroke rehabilitation. The efficacy of lower limb functional training to improve functions has been widely tested in patients with chronic stroke. Improvement in function generally does not reflect changes in motor recovery. The effect of this training on motor recovery has been less explored. Moreover, a standard protocol for lower limb functional training is elusive in literature.
Aim. To develop an intervention protocol of functional training for lower extremity to improve motor recovery and functions in acute and early subacute stroke patients.
Methods. Study was conducted in two phases. First phase involved literature review to identify the components for functional training for lower extremity in patients with stroke. Second phase involved two rounds of Delphi survey to design an intervention protocol. First round of Delphi survey was conducted to identify the functions of lower extremity that can be used as components of training and second round was conducted to receive the consensus on activities of lower extremity which can be practiced in acute and early subacute stroke patients.
Results. Functions of lower extremity and exercises of functional training which received consensus of atleast 70% and above in Delphi survey are selected to design the protocol. Weight-bearing, postural control, sit to stand, stepping, walking, standing, manipulation function was selected to design activities for functional training.
Conclusion. A Functional training protocol was developed with activities for weight bearing, postural control, manipulation and walking function.
Key words:
stroke, physiotherapy, functional training, rehabilitation, task oriented exercise
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Comparison of visual and goniometric assessment and analysis of inter observer difference in assessing amiel tison angles in high risk infants

K. P. Rupasree, Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran, C.Arockia Pramila, N. Udayakumar

K. P. Rupasree, Rajeswari Muthusamy, Sivakumar Ramachandran, C.Arockia Pramila, N. Udayakumar – Comparison of visual and goniometric assessment and analysis of inter observer difference in assessing amiel tison angles in high risk infants. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(1); 38-42

Abstract
Background. High risk infants (HRI) are more vulnerable for neurodevelopmental delay and require periodic developmental assessment at first year of life to prevent and identify the neuromotor deficit at an early age. Clinically visual method is widely followed in evaluating muscle tone using Amiel tison angles (ATA) in HRI but erroneous interpretation of ATA might have consequences in identification and management of subtle tonal deviation. This study intends compare the visual and Goniometric assessment and inter observer difference in the assessment of muscle tone using ATA in HRI.
Methods. 37 HRI who met the inclusion criteria were included and two Physiotherapists with similar qualifications who work in the area of paediatrics participated in the study. The first assessor assessed the ATA visually followed by Goniometric assessment which was followed by visual assessment of ATA by the second assessor.
Results. Unpaired t test was used to compare the difference between goniometric and visual assessment which showed statistically significant difference with p < 0.05. Intraclass correlation coefficient test was used to analyse the inter observer difference. Adductor and Heel to ear angles showed an excellent correlation and popliteal angle showed good correlation with ICC value of 0.97, 0.91and 0.79 respectively.
Conclusion. The result shows that interobserver difference of visual assessment is acceptable but emphasizes that the assessor should gain experience in visually assessing the angles trained initially by using goniometer to prevent erroneous interpretation which could reduce the difference between visual and goniometric estimates in the later stage.
Key words:
high risk infants, amiel tison angle, visual assessment, inter observer difference
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