Tag: Diabetes Mellitus

Modern possibilities of physiotherapy in the treatment of diabetes complications

Marlena Milka, Aleksander Sieroń, Jakub Adamczyk

Marlena Milka, Aleksander Sieroń, Jakub Adamczyk – Modern possibilities of physiotherapy in the treatment of diabetes complications –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(5); 99-107

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZGA431P6H9

Abstract
Introduction. Contemporary physiotherapeutic interventions in the management of diabetic complications encompass a broad spectrum of modalities, ranging from well-established procedures to innovative techniques such as laserobaric therapy. The physiotherapeutic methods discussed include mobilization, lymphatic drainage, oxygen therapy, laser therapy, magnetic field therapy, TECAR therapy, and Laserobaria 2.0_S. In addition, complementary therapeutic strategies are addressed, including orthotic insole selection, patient education, and the role of surgical and podiatric interventions in wound management.
Methods. This study is based on a narrative review with a selective and subjective appraisal of the literature sourced from PubMed and Google Scholar. The review includes peer-reviewed articles published between 2017 and 2024, as well as textbook literature published between 2005 and 2014.
Results. The review demonstrates the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic interventions in the management of diabetic complications. In particular, promising therapeutic outcomes associated with the Laserobaria 2.0_S device were identified in the treatment of chronic, non-healing wounds, including ulcers related to diabetic foot syndrome.
Conclusions. This review confirms the pivotal role of physiotherapy in the management of diabetic complications while simultaneously emphasizing the importance of adjunctive therapeutic procedures. It highlights the clinical relevance of manual therapy techniques, appropriate wound debridement, and physical therapy modalities. Furthermore, the findings indicate the therapeutic potential of laserobaric treatment in regenerative medicine, warranting further large-scale and controlled clinical investigations.
Key words
diabetes mellitus, diabetic complications, physiotherapy, diabetic foot syndrome, chronic wounds, laserobaric therapy
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The impact of physical exercise modalities in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review

Novadri Ayubi, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Bangkit Adi Swasono, Mohammed Aljunaid

Novadri Ayubi, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Bangkit Adi Swasono, Mohammed Aljunaid – The impact of physical exercise modalities in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients: a systematic review –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 269-273

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG00E1Q5WV

Abstract
Background. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by hyperglycemia due to the body’s inability to use insulin effectively. This metabolic disorder occurs when insulin cannot function optimally to maintain blood glucose balance. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy that offers significant health benefits, particularly for individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Aim. The purpose of this review is to assess the role of physical exercise in reducing blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Methods. A systematic review was conducted by examining journal databases including PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria focused on studies from the past five years involving diabetes mellitus, physical exercise, and blood glucose control. A total of 850 articles were identified, of which nine peer-reviewed studies were selected based on relevance and quality. The study followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.
Results. The findings consistently show that physical exercise contributes to the reduction of blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Conclusion. Physical exercise has been confirmed as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for lowering blood glucose and enhancing overall health in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The review is limited to evaluating the general effects of physical activity without differentiating between specific exercise types. Future research should compare the relative effectiveness of aerobic versus anaerobic exercise in blood glucose regulation.
Key words
physical exercise, diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, healthy lifestyle
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High-intensity interval training for patients with diabetes mellitus. A scoping review

Muhammad Irfan Alhady, Farid Rahman

Muhammad Irfan Alhady, Farid Rahman – High-intensity interval training for patients with diabetes mellitus. A scoping review –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(1); 417-429

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG007DGAWB

Abstract
Background. The spread of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, significantly affecting public health. Management of this chronic condition requires effective strategies to control blood glucose levels and improve overall health. High-intensity interval training is emerging as a potential non-pharmacological approach to managing diabetes.
Aim. To investigate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training in improving glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and overall physical fitness in patients with diabetes mellitus. It also sought to identify the most effective high-intensity interval training protocols and provide recommendations for their application in diabetes management.
Material and methods. The method used in this study is a scoping review, which aims to find answers to questions from researchers related to the literature on the research topic. The collected articles were synthesized using the TIDIER checklist, and articles were searched through various databases.
Result. After conducting the article selection process, which can be seen in Figure 1, 35 suitable articles were found. The details of articles related to population, interventions, outcome measures, and risk of bias can be seen in Table 1.
Conclusion. High-intensity interval training presents a viable and superior exercise strategy for managing diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2, provided that appropriate protocols are followed. However, further research is needed to standardize high-intensity interval training protocols and evaluate long-term impacts.
Key words
diabetes mellitus, high-intensity interval training, insulin resistance, glycemic control, blood pressure, physical fitness, quality of life
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Exploring the relationship between glycated haemoglobin levels and geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with diabetes (a cross-sectional study)

Diovin Derose Vianni, Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Surya Vishnuram, Hazliza Razali, Madhanraj Sekar, Naseem Alyahyawi, Hana K Almufadda, Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowgzeh,Fadwa Alhalaiqa

Diovin Derose Vianni et al. – Exploring the relationship between glycated haem

Diovin Derose Vianni et al. – Exploring the relationship between glycated haemoglobin levels and geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with diabetes (a cross-sectional study) –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(5); 293-299

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020CN4TC

Abstract Background. One common chronic condition is diabetes mellitus (DM), which is more prevalent in the elderly and is often linked to a variety of issues and concomitant conditions. Geriatric symptoms, such as depression, weakness, tiredness, and insomnia, are known to impact health outcomes in this demographic significantly. Objective. This study investigated the connection between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and geriatric symptoms in seniors with diabetes. Methods. An appropriate sample of fifty senior people (60–85 years old) with diabetes mellitus was selected from the outpatient ward of Saveetha Hospital. The HbA1c values were assessed in addition to examinations for geriatric symptoms using established measures. Potential correlations between HbA1c levels and geriatric syndromes were examined by statistical analysis. Results. The following variables showed significant positive relationships with HbA1c levels: frailty (r = 0.571, p < 0.000), fatigue (r = 0.725, p < 0.000), sleeplessness (r = 0.631, p < 0.000), and geriatric depression (r = 0.529, p < 0.000). Conclusion. In older diabetes mellitus patients, higher HbA1c levels were linked to a higher prevalence of fatigue, insomnia, frailty, and depression. These results emphasize the need for glycemic control in treating geriatric diseases in this population.
Key words diabetes mellitus, geriatric syndromes, glycated hemoglobin, depression, frailty, fatigue, insomnia, elderly patients
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Effect of deep breathing and bladder retraining on older women with diabetic-induced stress incontinence

Getcyal Devakirubai Martin Jeyaraj,Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian, Surya Vishnuram,Keerthana A.K., Saad Suleman Alfawaz, Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowgzeh, Huda Ibrahim Bakhour, Fadwa Alhalaiqa

Getcyal Devakirubai Martin Jeyaraj et al. – Effect of deep breathing and bladder retraining on older women with diabetic-induced stress incontinence –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(5); 227-231

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020CPW1T

Abstract Background. An increasing number of older women, especially those with diabetes, are experiencing stress incontinence. This ailment can significantly affect the quality of life, frequently made worse by weaker pelvic floor muscles and more significant abdominal strain. The combined impact of deep breathing exercises and bladder retraining is a well-researched technique. Purpose. This research aims to determine how deep breathing techniques and bladder retraining affect stress incontinence in older female diabetics. Methods. Eighty older women with diabetic-induced stress incontinence were randomized into a group for intervention (receiving deep breathing exercises along with bladder retraining) and a control group (receiving standard diabetic care). The research employed a randomized controlled trial design. The frequency of incontinence episodes, stress levels examined using conventional scales, and blood sugar levels before and after the intervention, determined by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were among the outcome measures. Results. The frequency of incontinence events in the intervention group was statistically significantly lower compared to the control group. Furthermore, the intervention group displayed a statistically significant decrease in stress levels compared to the control group, which showed no discernible benefits. Measurements of hemoglobin A1c, which tracks blood sugar regulation, demonstrated a noteworthy amelioration in the intervention cohort relative to the control cohort. Conclusion. Together, deep breathing exercises and bladder retraining significantly reduce stress-related incontinence, enhance blood sugar management, and reduce the perceived stress levels of older women with diabetes. This integrated, non-invasive approach effectively treats psychological and physiological elements of stress incontinence. Healthcare providers should apply this strategy to improve the treatment of older diabetic women.
Key words stress incontinence, diabetes mellitus, deep breathing, bladder retraining, older women, integrative therapy, blood sugar control
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Effect of the family-centered program on management of blood glucose levels among children with type 1 diabetes at Tabuk

Azza Abdalla Ghoneim

Azza Abdalla Ghoneim – Effect of the family-centered program on management of blood glucose levels among children with type 1 diabetes at Tabuk. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(5); 126-135

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20BA10

Abstract
Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the second most common chronic disease in childhood. Diabetes care is multidimensional and should focus on preventing acute complications and reducing long-term consequences. A family-centered approach conserves the integrity of families and supports unique care for diabetic children.
Purpose. The study aimed to determine the effect of a family-centered program on the management of blood glucose levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus at Tabuk. Methods. The researcher employed a quasi-experimental design to conduct this study. A purposive sample of diabetic children and their families was included. Tools included a structured questionnaire (sociodemographic data, anthropometric measurements), Supervisory Behaviors of Caregivers, Management Behaviors of Children with DM questionnaires, a Self-efficacy Scale, and a Blood Glucose Levels Record Sheet. The study was conducted in three phases: preparatory, performance, and evaluation. Pre-test and post-test methods were utilized for data collection.
Results. There was a significant decrease in the mean scores of blood glucose levels, significant improvement in children’s management behavior for diabetic care, improvement in mothers’ supervisory behavior of management behavior for DM, and higher mean scores of mothers’ self-efficacy post compared to pre-family centered program.
Conclusion. Implementing the family-centered program improved children’s diabetic management behavior and hence controlling the blood glucose levels of children with diabetes mellitus and increased mothers’ self-efficacy. Recommendation. Transformation of diabetic management in children with DM to a fully family-centered system of care should be established.

Keywords
diabetes mellitus, family-centered program, blood glucose levels

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Comparing the effect of different acupoints stimulating methods on nerve conduction velocity in diabetic neuropathy: A randomised controlled study

Ashraf Ishak Michaiel Youssef, Nagwa Mohamed Badr, Hanan Hosni, Hala Mohamad Ezz el Din Hamed


Ashraf Ishak Michaiel Youssef, Nagwa Mohamed Badr, Hanan Hosni, Hala Mohamad Ezz el Din Hamed – Comparing the effect of different acupoints stimulating methods on nerve conduction velocity in diabetic neuropathy: A randomised controlled study. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(2); 112-117

Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the effect of needle versus laser acupuncture on nerve conduction velocity on diabetic neuropathies in type two diabetes. Methods. Fifty-five patients of both genders with age ranged from 40-60 years were diagnosed with lower extremities diabetic polyneuropathy. Patients were divided randomly into two equal groups; Group (A) (control group) treated by needle acupuncture and group (B) treated by laser acupuncture at same acupoints. All patients in both groups received two sessions per week for 6 weeks. The measurement variables were the tibial motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and sural sensory NCV, they were measured bilaterally, pre- and post-treatment for all patients. Results. At the acupuncture group only there was significant increase in NCV of tibial and sural nerves in both sides at post treatment in compare to pre treatment. Conclusion. acupuncture has a significant effect on improving the motor and sensory nerves function in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. So it may be considered an appropriate safe and nonpharmacological complementary treatment option for type 2 diabetic polyneuropathy.
Key words:
acupuncture, nerve conduction velocity, diabetes mellitus, diabetic polyneuropathy
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus and rehabilitation after myocardial infarction

Paulina Głowacka, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec, Zbigniew Gąsior

Paulina Głowacka, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec, Zbigniew Gąsior – Type 2 diabetes mellitus and rehabilitation after myocardial infarction. Fizjoterapia Polska 2010; 10(4); 289-297

Abstract
This paper assesses the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the effects of early post-discharge (Phase II) cardiac rehabilitation in post-myocardial infarction patients. The study involved 47 post-MI patients, of whom 21 had T2DM (Group I) and 26 did not have diabetes (Group II). Clinical symptoms and exercise test results according to the modified Bruce protocol were analysed at baseline and after 3 weeks of rehabilitation. HR and BP responses to exercise were evaluated along with metabolic expense and exercise duration. Both groups had a similar frequency of significant co-morbidities: arterial hypertension (76% in Group I and 73% in Group II) and lipid disorders (67% vs. 76%). Obesity was only found in Group II (36%). Both groups included patients after STEMI (75% in Group I vs. 69% in Group II) with no post-MI complications. The rehabilitation resulted in a significant improvement of exercise tolerance, which rose by 15% in METs, 20% in Watts, with test duration increasing by 13% in Group I, compared to 17%, 28%, and 16%, respectively, in Group II. Early post-discharge cardiac rehabilitation had a beneficial effect on exercise tolerance. In post-MI patients, type 2 diabetes diminishes the beneficial effects of rehabilitation.
Key words:
Diabetes Mellitus, Myocardial Infarction, phase II of cardiac rehabilitation
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