Tag: aerobic exercise

The effect of low-impact aerobic exercise on fasting blood glucose and uric acid levels in community-dwelling healthy older adults

Fatkurahman Arjuna, Sulistiyono, Tri Winarti Rahayu, Gallant Pamungkas

Fatkurahman Arjuna, Sulistiyono, Tri Winarti Rahayu, Gallant Pamungkas – The effect of low-impact aerobic exercise on fasting blood glucose and uric acid levels in community-dwelling healthy older adults –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(4); 225-230

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZGA4314G42

Abstract
Background. Given the prevalence of metabolic disorders among aging populations and their impact on physical, psychological, and social well-being, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a non-pharmacological, community-based intervention that is safe, accessible, and appropriate for older adults.
Purpose. This study investigated the effects of low-impact aerobic exercise on fasting blood glucose and uric acid levels in older adults.
Method. A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test–post-test design was employed. The study involved 28 older adult participants, the majority (67.9%) aged 65–70 years. The intervention consisted of 15 sessions of low-impact aerobic exercise over five weeks (three sessions per week). Fasting blood glucose and uric acid levels were measured before and after the intervention and analyzed using paired sample t-tests.
Results and conclusion. The results demonstrated significant improvements in all measured variables following the 5-week intervention. Body weight and body mass index (bmi) decreased significantly (p = 0.009 and p = 0.007, respectively), indicating positive changes in body composition. Significant reductions were also observed in fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001) and uric acid levels (p = 0.021). Effect size analysis revealed large effects for fasting blood glucose (d = 2.69), body weight (d = 1.31), and uric acid (d = 1.39), while bmi showed a moderate effect (d = 0.56).
These findings suggest that low-impact aerobic exercise, although light in intensity, can positively influence anthropometric and metabolic parameters in community-dwelling older adults. The intervention shows potential as a safe, affordable, and non-pharmacological approach to supporting metabolic health in the elderly. Further studies are needed to confirm these benefits and explore long-term effects.
Key words
older adults, aerobic exercise, low impact, fasting blood glucose, uric acid
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Effects of individualized exercise on body composition, lipid profile, mental health, and ovarian cysts in a young woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome – case study

Jeslin G N, Vasugi Suresh, Muthukumaran Jothilingam, Prathap Suganthirababu, Jeevarathinam Thirumalai, Sundareswaran R, Karthick K, Sanjana Venkataraman

Jeslin G N, Vasugi Suresh, Muthukumaran Jothilingam, Prathap Suganthirababu, Jeevarathinam Thirumalai et al. – Effects of individualized exercise on body composition, lipid profile, mental health, and ovarian cysts in a young woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome – case study –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 339-341

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D197ZP4

Abstract
Background. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenism, obesity, dyslipidemia, irregular menstrual cycles, and changes in ovarian morphology. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether an individualized exercise program influences body composition, lipid profile, mental health, and ovarian cysts.
Methods. An 18-year-old woman diagnosed with type 1 classic PCOS participated in a 9-week (1-week familiarization and 8-week intervention) individualized exercise program that included resistance training (3 days per week) and aerobic exercise (3 days per week). Outcome measures included BMI, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage, lipid profile, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and ovarian size at baseline and post-intervention.
Results. There was a notable improvement in all measured outcomes: BMI decreased from 28.1 kg/m² to 24.6 kg/m²; waist-hip ratio reduced from 0.88 to 0.81; body fat percentage dropped from 34.1% to 29.1%; total cholesterol declined from 174 mg/dL to 152 mg/dL; triglycerides decreased from 167 mg/dL to 154 mg/dL; LDL decreased from 91 mg/dL to 82 mg/dL; HDL decreased from 67 mg/dL to 59 mg/dL. Anxiety and depression scores also improved. The left ovary size decreased from 2.75 × 1.58 cm to 2.1 × 1.2 cm, while the right ovary size decreased from 3.55 × 2.33 cm to 2.9 × 1.9 cm.
Conclusion. The results indicate that an individualized exercise program can effectively improve body composition, lipid profile, mental health, and ovarian morphology in young women with PCOS. However, further studies on a larger population are needed to confirm these findings.
Key words
polycystic ovarian syndrome, aerobic exercise, resistance training, body composition, dyslipidemia
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Exploring the influence of virtual reality aerobic training on functional capacity and aerobic fitness in sedentary females

Neama Mahmoud EL-Sheikh, Hany Ezzat Obaya, Doaa Saeed, Doha H. Al-Afify, Rana Hesham Mohamed Elbanna

Neama Mahmoud EL-Sheikh, Hany Ezzat Obaya, Doaa Saeed, Doha H. Al-Afify, Rana Hesham Mohamed Elbanna – Exploring the influence of virtual reality aerobic training on functional capacity and aerobic fitness in sedentary females –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(3); 275-280

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D19NXVI

Abstract
Aim. Lack of physical activity has become a growing concern in modern society, leading to reduced functional ability and diminished aerobic fitness. Exercise is often perceived as boring and difficult, whereas people tend to prefer more enjoyable activities like virtual reality (VR) gaming. Therefore, engaging in VR games as part of physical activity may spark interest and improve physical activity behavior.
Materials and methods. Sixty females aged 18–25 years, with obesity class I (BMI 30–34.9), were selected from the Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, and randomly allocated into two groups. Body mass index (BMI), the Queens College Step Test (QCT), and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were measured before and after the intervention, which consisted of three sessions per week for 8 weeks.
Results. There was a significant improvement in BMI post-intervention compared to pre-intervention in both groups, but no significant difference in mean BMI values between the groups. There was also a significant improvement in the Queens College Step Test (QCT) and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) post-intervention compared to pre-intervention in both groups, with significant differences in mean values between the two groups.
Conclusions. Virtual reality aerobic exercise (VRAE) and aerobic exercise (AE) are both effective in reducing BMI, but VRAE is more effective in improving functional capacity and aerobic fitness in sedentary adults. It encourages participants to be more active in daily life and maintain a higher level of exercise than the AE group.
Key words
virtual reality exercise, aerobic exercise, sedentary lifestyle, aerobic endurance, inactivity
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The effects of aerobic exercise on sleep quality in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nurul Farah Shafiqa Mahtar, Noor Fatihah Ilias, Sazzli Shahlan Kasim, Hashbullah Ismail

 

Nurul Farah Shafiqa Mahtar, Noor Fatihah Ilias, Sazzli Shahlan Kasim, Hashbullah Ismail – The effects of aerobic exercise on sleep quality in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2025; 25(2); 60-69

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG7D1979F2

Abstract
Background. Sleep quality is vital for health, impacting physical recovery, cognitive function, and emotional stability. Poor sleep quality is common in overweight and obese individuals. Evidence suggests aerobic exercise improves sleep quality by positively affecting physiological systems related to sleep regulation, making it a potential intervention for this group.
Objectives. This study evaluates the effect of aerobic exercise on sleep quality in overweight and obese individuals through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods. Four electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for randomized controlled trials (2008–2023) comparing aerobic exercise groups with control groups. Subjective sleep outcomes were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and objective outcomes through actigraphy or polysomnography. Risk of bias was assessed using TESTEX, and meta-analyses utilized a random-effects model in RevMan 5.4.
Results. Sixteen trials (N = 1132) showed aerobic exercise significantly improved subjective sleep quality in overweight and obese individuals (lower PSQI scores, MD -1.53, 95% CI -2.88 to -0.19, p = 0.03). No significant improvements were observed in objective sleep outcomes (e.g., sleep time, latency, efficiency).
Conclusion. Aerobic exercise improves subjective sleep quality but not objective measures in overweight and obese populations. Further research is needed to explore its effects on objective sleep parameters.

Key words
aerobic exercise, sleep quality, subjective sleep quality, objective sleep quality, overweight, obese, meta-analysis

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Effects of different aerobic exercise protocols on regional body fatness and serum lipids in women with obesity: A randomized trial

Mark Monir Seddik, Awny Fouad Rahmy, Amir N Wadee, Ahmad Mahdi Ahmad

 

Mark Monir Seddik, Awny Fouad Rahmy, Amir N Wadee, Ahmad Mahdi Ahmad – Effects of different aerobic exercise protocols on regional body fatness and serum lipids in women with obesity: A randomized trial –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(3); 174-182

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG020AYN5

Abstract:
Aim. This study aimed to compare the effects of high‑volume high‑intensity interval training (HV‑HIIT), low‑volume high‑intensity interval training (LV‑HIIT), and moderate‑intensity continuous training (MICT) on regional body fatness and serum lipids in adult obese women.
Methods. Forty‑six women with obesity and dyslipidemia completed this study. They were randomly allocated to HV‑HIIT protocol (n = 15), LV‑HIIT protocol (n = 14), and MICT protocol (n = 17). The protocols were performed three days a week for eight weeks. Measurements included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), sub-total fat, leg fat, trunk fat, arm fat, lean mass, fat-free mass, and bone mineral content via DXA, self-paced maximal cycle test for HRmax determination, and serum lipids (TC, HDL, LDL, TG).
Results. HV‑HIIT led to significantly greater improvements in HRmax, body fat measures, TC, and HDL compared to the other protocols (p < 0.05). Both LV‑HIIT and MICT were effective in reducing TC, but LV‑HIIT showed better results for improving HDL (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. HV‑HIIT was the most effective for reducing body fat and improving TC and HDL, while LV‑HIIT was superior to MICT in improving HDL.

Keywords:
aerobic exercise, high‑intensity interval training, regional body fatness, serum lipids, obese, women

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Effect of moderate continuous aerobic training versus cryolipolysis on stress hormone and aerobic capacity in central obesity

Samy Kamal Mohamed Elgendy, Zahra Mohamed Hassan Serry, Mervat Gaber Elnany, Rana Hesham Mohamed Elbanna

 

Samy Kamal Mohamed Elgendy, Zahra Mohamed Hassan Serry, Mervat Gaber Elnany, Rana Hesham Mohamed Elbanna – Effect of moderate continuous aerobic training versus cryolipolysis on stress hormone and aerobic capacity in central obesity. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(4); 32-37

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG1A67jJ

Abstract
Purpose. This is the first comparative study aimed to find out the effect of moderate continuous aerobic exercise versus the widely popular body reshaping intervention, cryolipolysis, on cortisol (stress hormone), aerobic capacity (VO2max), 6-minute walking test (6MWT) in central-obesity (CO) patients.
Methods. Sixty CO patients (30 men and 30 women) were recruited from El Zawia El Hamra One Day Surgery Egyptian Hospital with a body mass index (BMI) ranged from 35–39.9 kg/m2 to be randomly assigned to the aerobic continuous moderate-intensity exercise group (thirty patients who received 30 minutes of treadmill walking, 3 sessions per week) and cryolipolysis group (thirty patients received on-abdomen one session for 60 minutes weekly). Both groups were ordered to reduce their daily diets to 1500–1800 Kcal/day (the diet was revised by a diet specialist every 14 days to consider the inclusion of fat (20–25%), carbohydrate (high complex, 50–60%), and protein components (25–30%). Anthropometry (weight, BMI, and waist circumference), plasma cortisol, VO2max, and 6MWD were assessed before and after 12-week cryolipolysis and exercise.
Results. A significantly improved difference was extracted using paired tests either within-exercise or with-cryolipolysis groups regarding the patients’ weight, BMI, cortisol, VO2max, and 6MWT. In favor of the exercise group, the post-treatment comparison between exercise and cryolipolysis groups showed a more marked significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) regarding the patients’ weight, BMI, VO2max, and 6MWD. In favor of the cryolipolysis group, post-treatment waist circumference showed a more marked significant decrease when compared to its post-treatment level of the exercise group. Regarding post cortisol levels between exercise and cryolipolysis groups, a non-significant difference was reported.
Conclusion: After the addition of aerobic exercise or cryolipolysis to a 12-week supervised DR plan, both therapeutic interventions can improve central fat deposition, weight, cortisol, VO2max, and 6MWT in CO patients.

Keywords
aerobic exercise, cryolipolysis, cortisol, aerobic capacity, six minute walk test, central obesity

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Effect of exercise versus diet on visceral adiposity indicators in obese postmenopausal diabetic women: A comparative study

Doaa A. Osman, Abdullah M. Al-Shenqiti, Hamada Ahmed Hamada, Mohamed Ibrahim Mabrouk


Doaa A. Osman, Abdullah M. Al-Shenqiti, Hamada Ahmed Hamada, Mohamed Ibrahim Mabrouk – Effect of exercise versus diet on visceral adiposity indicators in obese postmenopausal diabetic women: A comparative study. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(2); 42-48

Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise versus dietary modification on visceral adiposity indicators in obese postmenopausal diabetic women. Design. A prospective, randomized, controlled comparative study.
Methods. Thirty-six obese postmenopausal women, suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2D), participated in this study. They were randomized into two equal groups. The exercise group received aerobic exercise program for 8 weeks (n = 18), whereas the diet group received dietary modification for 8 weeks (n = 18). The anthropometric parameters, fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and visceral adiposity indicators were evaluated for all women in the two groups before and following 8 weeks of treatment.
Results. All outcome measures showed statistically significant improvements within both groups (p < 0.05), with statistically non-significant differences between both groups after treatment (p > 0.05).
Conclusion. Aerobic exercise and dietary modification have similar positive effects on visceral adiposity indicators in obese postmenopausal diabetic women.
Key words:
aerobic exercise, dietary modification, visceral adiposity indicators, postmenopausal women, diabetes, obesity
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Effect of aerobic exercise and ketogenic diet on type II diabetic obese pre-menopausal women

Hala M. Hanafy, Mohamed Hassan Mostafa, Nora M. Ramadan


Hala M. Hanafy, Mohamed Hassan Mostafa, Nora M. Ramadan – Effect of aerobic exercise and ketogenic diet on type II diabetic obese pre-menopausal women. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(1); 160-164

Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and ketogenic diet on type 2 diabetic obese pre-menopausal women.
Methods. Thirty premenopausal obese women diagnosed as having type2 diabetic mellitus. They were selected from outpatient clinic of gynecology in t AL Kasr AL Ainy hospital Cairo University.. Their BMI was between 30 and 35 kg/m2 and their ages ranged from 45 to 48. They were divided into two groups equal in number, the study group (A) was treated by aerobic exercise, ketogenic diet and oral hypoglycemic drugs prescribed by physician, while control group (B) was treated by oral hypoglycemic drugs prescribed by physician. Blood glucose levels were evaluated by fasting blood glucose test and body mass index was evaluated by weight and height scale before and after performing study for 4 weeks.
Results. The obtained results showed a statistically significant decrease in weight, BMI and fasting blood glucose level post treatment in the study group compared with pre treatment (p < 0.001) while there was a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose in the control group post treatment (p < 0.001) and no significant changes in weight and BMI of the control group (p > 0.05). There was significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, weight and BMI of the study group compared with that of the control group (p < 0.001).
Conclusion. Ketogenic diet and Aerobic exercise have a significant effect in decreasing Weight, BMI and Fasting blood glucose level in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, obese pre-menopausal women.
Key words:
type II diabetes mellitus, ketogenic diet, aerobic exercise, fasting blood glucose level
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Effect of aerobic exercise on functional capacity and interleukin-6 level post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A randomized controlled trial

Mohamed Rafat Borham, Azza Abdelaziz Abdelhady, Gamaleldin Mohamed Fathy, Emad Mohamed Ibrahim

Mohamed Rafat Borham, Azza Abdelaziz Abdelhady, Gamaleldin Mohamed Fathy, Emad Mohamed Ibrahim – Effect of aerobic exercise on functional capacity and interleukin-6 level post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A randomized controlled trial. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(1); 100-107

Abstract
Background. Transplantation of hemopoietic stem cells has been extensively used as a curative modality to treat blood malignancies and cases of bone marrow failure. Objective. To examine the effect of aerobic exercises on functional capacity and interleukin-6 levels on patients post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Design. A quasi-experimental, randomized, single-blind design. Setting. Nasser Institute’s out-patient clinic for bone marrow transplant and Belqas central hospital. Methods. Forty women having chronic Graft versus Host Disease post hemopoietic stem cell allotransplant, with an age range of 20 to 30 years and body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2, were randomly designated into two equal groups (n = 20) (A and B). The study group (A) participated in a supervised aerobic exercise program of moderate intensity, with a score of 12-14 on the Borg scale for ‎perceived exertion, together with a specific medication routine, whereas the control group (B) was only given their medication routine. The exercise program consisted of 40 minutes on the stationary bicycle, with a warm-up and a cool-down period of 5 minutes each and 30 minutes as an active phase, 3 times per week for 3 months Both functional capacity, measured by a 6-minute walk test (6 MWT), and interleukin-6 blood level were assessed before starting the aerobic training and medical routine and after 3 months of the intervention. Results. The analysis showed a significant increase (P < .001) in the distance walked and assessed by 6 MWT in the group (A) compared to the control group (B), while there is a decrease in interleukin- 6 levels in the group (A) than in the group (B) without a statistical significance (P = 0.52). Conclusion: Aerobic training can be beneficial in increasing functional capacity.
Key words:
stem cell transplantation, graft vs host disease, aerobic exercise, interleukin-6, six-minute walk test
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Resistance versus aerobic exercises on cancer related fatigue and immunity in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy: A randomized controlled study

Lamiaa Said Tolb, Amal Mohammed Abd El Baky, Hany Mohamed Elgohary, Yasser Mostafa El Kerm

Lamiaa Said Tolb, Amal Mohammed Abd El Baky, Hany Mohamed Elgohary, Yasser Mostafa El Kerm – Resistance versus aerobic exercises on cancer related fatigue and immunity in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy: A randomized controlled study. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(5); 220-225

Abstract
Purpose. To compare the effects of resistance and aerobic exercises on cancer related fatigue and immunity in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods. sixty female patients with ages ranged from 30 to 60 years, diagnosed as breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy, complaining of cancer related fatigue and decreased immunity, were recruited from oncology department at Medical Research Institute in Alexandria and divided randomly into two equal groups in number; Group (A), received resistance exercises for 3 months, Group (B), received aerobic exercises for 3 months. Pretreatment, after 6 weeks and after 3 months of treatment assessment was done using Fatigue assessment scale (FAS), Hemoglobin (Hb) level test for fatigue and White blood cells count (WBCS)for immunity were done for all patients.
Results. The comparison between both groups post-treatment revealed statistically significant reductions in FAS, as well as improvement in Hb and WBCS count (p = 0.0001) in favor of group (B).
Conclusion. Aerobic exercise is more effective than resistance exercises in cancer related fatigue and immunity in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
Key words:
cancer-related fatigue, immunity, aerobic exercise, resistance exercises, adjuvant chemotherapy
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