Tag: analiza chodu

Dvodimenzionalna analiza parametara hoda u šizofreniji – opservacijska studija

Kancherla Sireesha, D. Malarvizhi

 

Kancherla Sireesha, D. Malarvizhi – Two-dimensional analysis of gait parameters in schizophrenia – an observational study. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(4); 72-79

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20A37C

Sažetak
Pozadina. Analiza hoda je sistematsko proučavanje ljudske lokomocije koje uključuje procjenu pokreta tijela, mehaniku tijela i aktivnost mišića. Cilj. Analizirati spatiotemporalne i kinematičke varijable u šizofreniji. Metodologija. Neeksperimentalna studija, praktičan uzorak, veličina uzorka bila je 15. U istraživanju su sudjelovali muškarci i žene u dobi od 18 do 45 godina. Postupak. Sudionici su odabrani na temelju kriterija uključivanja i isključivanja radi analize kinematičkih i spatiotemporalnih parametara hoda u šizofreniji. Ishodna mjerenja. Spatiotemporalne i kinematičke varijable procijenjene su pomoću 2D analize hoda s softverom tvrtke Auptimo Technologies. Rezultati. Analiza hoda u šizofreniji pokazuje značajan porast plantarnog savijanja skočnog zgloba p < 0,05, značajan porast savijanja koljena p < 0,05 i značajan porast savijanja kuka p < 0,05 u lateralnom pogledu, te značajan porast abdukcije/adukcije koljena p < 0,05 u anteriornom pogledu i značajan porast suprotnog pomicanja zdjelice p < 0,05 i značajan porast evrsije kuta stražnje noge p < 0,05 u posteriorom pogledu. U spatiotemporalnim parametrima šizofrenije nema značajnih promjena u kadenciji p > 0,05, ali ima značajnih promjena u vremenu potpornog i vremenu zamaha desne i lijeve noge, te vremenu trajanja hoda p < 0,05. Zaključak. Ovo istraživanje zaključuje da šizofrenija pokazuje značajne kinematičke promjene u zglobovima skočnog, koljena i kuka, značajne promjene u abdukciji i adukciji koljena u anteriornom pogledu te značajne promjene u pomicanju zdjelice i kutu stražnje noge u posteriorom pogledu, dok se u spatiotemporalnim parametrima ne primjećuju očite promjene u kadenciji, ali se primjećuju značajni porasti u vremenu trajanja potpornog faze, vremenu trajanja zamaha i vremenu trajanja ciklusa hoda.
Ključne riječi
šizofrenija, donji ekstremitet, pomicanje zdjelice, kut stražnje noge, abdukcija/adukcija koljena, spatiotemporalno, analiza hoda, 2D
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Two-dimensional analysis of gait parameters on normal and overweight children – an observational study

Abirami E., Malarvizhi D., P. Sekar


Abirami E., Malarvizhi D., P. Sekar – Two-dimensional analysis of gait parameters on normal and overweight children – an observational study. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(5); 100-106

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20A6RB

Abstract

Background. Gait analysis is a systematic study of human locomotion that involves evaluating body motions, body mechanics, and muscle activity. Objective. To analyze spatiotemporal and kinematics variables among overweight children and normal children. Methodology. Non-Experimental study, convenient sampling, sample size was 30. Both boys and girls with 12 to 14 years of age were included in the study. Procedure. Participant were selected according to BMI for analyzing the normal and overweight children, based on these two groups were divided. GROUP A – Normal children and GROUP B – Overweight children. Outcome measures. Spatiotemporal and kinematics variables were assessed by using 2D gait analysis with software from Auptimo technologies. Results. Gait analysis of normal children shows significant difference in ankle plantar flexion, knee flexion and hip flexion in lateral view and in anterior view shows knee adduction, in posterior view shows ipsilateral pelvic drop and rear foot eversion at p < 0.05. In overweight children shows that ankle dorsiflexion, knee hyperextension, hip extension in lateral view, and in anterior view shows knee adduction and in posterior view shows that contralateral pelvic drop and rear foot eversion. In spatiotemporal parameters of overweight children shows reduced cadence and gait cycle compare to normal children at p < 0.05. Conclusion: This study concludes the normal and overweight children shows marked changes in ankle, knee and hip joint, knee abduction/adduction, pelvic drop, rear foot angle and spatiotemporal parameters.

Keywords:
lower limb, pelvic drop, rear foot angle, knee adduction/adduction, spatiotemporal, gait analysis, 2-dimensional

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Influence of exoskeleton therapy on gait parameters in patients with cerebral palsy

Adam Trzyna, Anna Brachman, Tomasz Łosień, Grzegorz Sobota


Adam Trzyna, Anna Brachman, Tomasz Łosień, Grzegorz Sobota – Influence of exoskeleton therapy on gait parameters in patients with cerebral palsy. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(2); 194-201

Abstract
Objective. The study presents the results of research aimed at assessing the influence of exoskeleton therapy on the basic spatiotemporal and kinetic parameters of gait in patients with cerebral palsy (CP).
Material and methods. Seventeen patients with CP (II GMFCS) participated in the study. The training program lasted 8 weeks with a two-week break in the middle of the entire cycle (3 weeks – 2 weeks off – 3 weeks). The training session lasted 90 minutes. The patients trained wearing an exoskeleton (Ekso GT) under the supervision of a qualified physiotherapist. The gait analysis was performed on the Zebris FDM-TDL treadmill for the preferred and maximum tolerated velocity, before and after the entire training program.
Results. When walking at maximum tolerated velocity, participants improved velocity, step rate, step length, gait cycle length, and gait cycle time. Contact times have significantly changed for the forefoot, midfoot, and heel areas. The stance phase time for the left and right sides decreased significantly. The above-mentioned parameters for the preferred velocity did not change statistically significantly.
Conclusions. Positive changes were observed for conditions more difficult than the preferred gait. More research is needed in different configurations of intensity, volume and duration of the entire rehabilitation cycle to optimize the rehabilitation program and maximize outcomes.
Key words:
exoskeleton, cerebral palsy (CP), gait analysis, gait re-education
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The assessment of gait deviations in patients with knee arthritis using the ground reaction forces analysis

Grzegorz Konieczny, Katarzyna Leżoń, Zdzisława Wrzosek, Michał Sokołowski

Grzegorz Konieczny, Katarzyna Leżoń, Zdzisława Wrzosek, Michał Sokołowski – The assessment of gait deviations in patients with knee arthritis using the ground reaction forces analysis. Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(4); 317-321

Abstract
Background. The purpose of this study is to analyze the objective gait parameters for the subjects with knee arthritis using ground reaction forces analysis. Material and methods. The gait analysis was performed on 31 subjects with unilateral knee arthritis with use of Pressure Distribution Measurement System (PDM-S) force-plate. The first peak force, the second peak force, the loading rate, the push-off rate, the stance time, and the distribution of pressure across the foot were analyzed. The VAS score was also obtained. Results. The obtained results were compared with outcomes of gait analysis of healthy population presented by J. L. McCrory. The first and the second peak force were lower for the limb with arthritic knee. The stance time for the limb with arthritic knee was lower. The pressure measured at the heel, and rate of loading were also lower for the limb with arthritic knee. Conclusion. The osteoarthritis of knee leads to substantial alterations in gait. Gait deviations contribute mainly to pain associated with osteoarthritis of knee joint. The gait analysis with use of ground reaction force-plates is valuable method in functional assessment of knee arthritis.

Key words:
gait analysis, arthritis, knee

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Assessment of kinematics of pathological gait after articular cartilage surgery

Andrzej Czamara, Sławomir Winiarski, Zbigniew Jethon, Andrzej Bugajski, Rafał Szafraniec, Andrzej Zaleski, Wiesław Tomaszewski

Andrzej Czamara, Sławomir Winiarski, Zbigniew Jethon, Andrzej Bugajski, Rafał Szafraniec, Andrzej Zaleski, Wiesław Tomaszewski – Assessment of kinematics of pathological gait after articular cartilage surgery. Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(4); 304-309

Abstract
Background. This paper presents a biomechanical assessment of changes in the kinematics of gait of patients following selected types of articular cartilage surgery of the knee joint, examined with a 3D motion analysis system (SIMI Reality Motion Systems GmbH, Germany). Material and methods. The gait of thirty-two patients after articular cartilage surgery of the knee joint was analyzed in the course of 2 out of 4 stages of our original physiotherapy treatment. Monitoring the progress of the rehabilitation programme involved recording of spatial kinematic data of the gait and angle-time characteristics. The first measurement was taken between the 2nd and 3rd week postoperatively, the second was taken between the 6th and 8th postoperative week. The last measurement was taken between the 10th and 14th week postoperatively, when the patient’s gait was fully restored and being improved. Results. Satisfactory individual results in patients undergoing our rehabilitation programme were obtained in test patients compared to the control group between the 10th and 14th postoperative week. The spatial gait parameters: step and stride lengths were significantly increased and the stance-to-swing ratio decreased for the affected limb compared to the first measurement. Gait velocity was also found to have doubled. In addition the range of motion in the joints was increased and the angle characteristics were similar in the test patients and the control group. Conclusions. The extensive surgical and physiotherapeutic management improved gait parameters between the 10th and 14th postoperative week in all patients.

Key words:
gait analysis, pathological gait, articular cartilage, rehabilitation

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Use of quantitative, objective gait analysis for assessment of selection quality of afos in CP children (gait analysis in afos selection in CP)

Małgorzata Syczewska, Anna Święcicka, Małgorzata Kalinowska, Krzysztof Graff

Małgorzata Syczewska, Anna Święcicka, Małgorzata Kalinowska, Krzysztof Graff – Use of quantitative, objective gait analysis for assessment of selection quality of afos in CP children (gait analysis in afos selection in CP). Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(4); 298-303

Abstract
Background. The main aims of clinical gait analysis are to measure and to assess the parameters which characterize the patient’s locomotion in order to identify the primary pathologies and compensatory mechanisms. The aim of this paper is to present 6 patients with CP, in whose case the gait analysis was used to assess the influence of the AFOs on the gait. Material and methods. Six children with cerebral palsy, aged 6 to 14 years old, were recruited into the study. They all were treated in the Dept. Paediatric Rehabilitation CMHI. They underwent the objective gait analysis (using movement analysis system VICON 460) two times: barefoot, and in shoes with AFOs. Results. In four cases AFOs considerably improved the gait pattern, in two patients caused the gait deterioration. Conclusions. The aim of the AFOs is to improve gait (through improved ankle joint stability, and assistance to the weak calf muscles) and to correct pathological deviations, such as knee hyperextension. The improper choice of the AFO type, or bad fitting could result in no improvement, but in more severe cases even in gait deterioration. The results of this paper indicate that the quantitative gait analysis proved to be the efficient tool in assessing the selection quality of AFOs.

Key words:
gait analysis, AFO, CP

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Assessment of kinematics of pathological gait after articular cartillage surgery

Andrzej Czamara, Sławomir Winiarski, Zbigniew Jethon, Andrzej Bugajski, Rafał Szafraniec, Andrzej Zaleski, Wiesław Tomaszewski

Andrzej Czamara, Sławomir Winiarski, Zbigniew Jethon, Andrzej Bugajski, Rafał Szafraniec, Andrzej Zaleski, Wiesław Tomaszewski – Assessment of kinematics of pathological gait after articular cartillage surgery. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(1); 1-9

Abstract

Background. Thirty two male patients with the full-thickness lesion of articular cartilage on the load-bearing surface of the knee joint (Outerbridge Grade III-IV) were involved in the study. The goal of this paper is the biomechanical assessment of changes in the kinematics of gait of patients after selected articular cartilage surgeries of knee joint examined by the 3D motion analysis system (SIMI Reality Motion Systems GmbH, Germany). Material and methods. Gait of thirty two patients with the articular cartilage surgery of knee joint was analyzed while they underwent 2 out of 4 stages of our original physiotherapy treatment. In order to test the progress of the rehabilitation program the spatial kinematic data of the gait was collected and the angle-time characteristics acquired. The first measurement was taken between the 2nd and 3rd week postoperatively, the second was taken between 6th and 8th week postop. The last measurement was taken between 10th and 14th week postoperatively, when the patient’s gait was fully restored and being improved. The values of step and stride lengths (meters), gait velocity (meters per sec.) and the step cadence (steps per sec.) were monitored as well as the stance and swing ratios (percent of the gait cycle) of the affected and unaffected limb. Range of motion in the knee joint was examined in dynamics and the angles at heel-strike and toe-off measured for both lower limbs. Results. As a consequence of our rehabilitation procedure satisfactory results were obtained individually between 10th and 14th week postop. in test patients with reference to the control group. The spatial gait parameters step and stride lengths have significantly increased and the stance to swing ratio have decreased for the affected limb compared to the first measurement. The gait velocity was found to be doubled. In addition an increase in range of motion in the joints was noticed and the angle characteristics was similar to the one of the control group. Conclusions. The extensive surgical and physiotherapeutic procedures applied in the treatment have improved gait parameters between 10th and 14th week postop in all tested patients.

Key words:
biomechanics, gait, gait disorders, articular cartilage, surgery, rehabilitation
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Differences in knee movement while walking in children with cerebral palsy (CP)

Alicja Dziuba, Krystyna Kobel-Buys

Alicja Dziuba, Krystyna Kobel-Buys – Differences in knee movement while walking in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(4); 447-454

Abstract
Background. Cerebral palsy (CP) affects many children, with about 50,000 CP patients living currently in Poland. The most frequent manifestation of CP is a gait disorder attributable to both neurological and developmental factors. The aim of this study is to analyze children’s walking abilities using basic gait parameters and trace changes of these parameters during rehabilitation.Material and methods. This paper presents the results of two-dimensional gait analysis using two cameras positioned perpendicular to the direction of the child’s walk and recording at 50 Hz the movement of the right and left side of the body in the sagittal plane. The paper describes the walking skills of three CP boys born in 2000 (3/JK/02, 8/SA/02 and 20/BM/03) who were able to walk with help. The locomotion analysis was based on change over time of angular displacements in the right and left knee in the support and swing phases of gait. Results. The analysis showed that child 3/JK/02 had the best knee movement pattern, as suggested by the approximation of mean angular displacements in selected points in the swing and stance phases to those established for normal children. Child 8/SA/02 displayed greater deterioration of the gait pattern, as the knee movement pattern differed more considerably from that of a healthy child. The knee movement of child 20/MB/03 improved very little. Conclusion. The type of kinematic analysis conducted in this study is of diagnostic significance, helping to identify an improvement or deterioration of gait in children undergoing rehabilitation, and can aid the physician or physiotherapist in selecting exercises addressing specific elements of the gait pattern in order to effect lasting improvements.
Key words:
cerebral palsy, gait analysis, knee movement
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Assessment of the impact of prosthetic foot support flexibility on gait in a patient after lower limb amputation at thigh level

Mateusz Curyło, Agnieszka Ciukszo, Marcin Zaczyk, Damian Szubski, Łukasz Strzępek, Bolesław Karwat, Jan W. Raczkowski

Mateusz Curyło, Agnieszka Ciukszo, Marcin Zaczyk, Damian Szubski, Łukasz Strzępek, Bolesław Karwat, Jan W. Raczkowski – Assessment of the impact of prosthetic foot support flexibility on gait in a patient after lower limb amputation at thigh level. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(2); 56-63

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG0DDEF8

Abstract
Objective. The article presents the results of experimental studies, the main objective of which was to determine how the degree of flexibility of the lower limb prosthesis support system impacts the pattern of secondarily learned gait in a patient after amputation. Material and methods. The study was carried out on a patient (35-year-old man) after lower limb amputation at the level of 1/3 of the proximal femur, who followed a previously planned walking path. Inclusion criteria: gender F and M, amputation at 1/3 of the proximal femur, age below 40, traumatic amputation, average level of activity, use of a prosthesis for at least one year. Exclusion criteria: age over 40, amputations below 1/3 of the proximal femur, amputations for vascular reasons, activity level below average, use of a prosthesis for under one year. During the study, the patient was equipped with three support systems corresponding to three degrees of flexibility of the prosthetic foot (soft, medium, hard). Biomechanical data during gait was collected using FlexinFit by Sensor Medica for assessing the pressure between the foot and the inside of the shoe. Results. In the entire gait cycle, the support phase on the healthy limb was the longest. The hard support system generates the greatest asymmetry of the transferred loads between the limbs. In this support variant, the difference in load between the healthy limb and the amputated limb was 1,330 kg/m2, which represented an asymmetry of 21%. In terms of load distribution, the best support was medium support – medium support flexibility, for which the difference in load between the healthy limb and the amputated limb was 770 kg/m2, which was an asymmetry of 12%. Conclusions. When designing a prosthesis for people after lower limb amputation, it is crucial to correctly adjust its features to the individual needs of each patient (adjusting prosthesis kinematics, adjusting support system stiffness), so that gait is possibly closest to normal with low energy demand.
Key words:
lower limb amputation, gait analysis, prosthetic gait, prosthetic rehabilitation
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Analiza chodu chorych na przewlekłą obturacyjną chorobę płuc

Sebastian Rutkowski, Anna Rutkowska, Jacek Łuniewski,
Jan Szczegielniak

S. Rutkowski, A. Rutkowska, J. Łuniewski, J. Szczegielniak – Gait analysis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. FP 2014; 14(4); 24-33

Streszczenie
Celem pracy była analiza chodu chorych na POChP. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy zdiagnozowana przewlekła obturacyjna choroba płuc ma wpływ na parametry chodu w trakcie 6 minutowego testu marszowego.
W badaniu wzięło udział 33 chorych na POChP: 27 mężczyzn i 6 kobiet, którzy przebywali na leczeniu stacjonarnym w Szpitalu Specjalistycznym MSW w Głuchołazach, w okresie od lutego 2011 do maja 2011 roku, którzy stanowili grupę badaną. Grupę kontrolą stanowiło 48 osób: 35 kobiet i 9 mężczyzn.
Stwierdzono że średnia dystansu uzyskana w grupie badanej wyniosła 538,97m ±176,32 m, natomiast w grupie kontrolnej 546,7m ±85,7 m. Chorzy na POChP w trakcie testu poruszali się z mniejszą prędkością, stawiali krótsze kroki w dłuższym czasie
Analiza wyników wykazała, że chorzy na POChP prezentowali pogorszone wartości wskaźników opisujących parametry chodu w trakcie 6 minutowego testu marszowego.

Słowa kluczowe:
analiza chodu, POChP, 6MWT

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