The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of patient assessment in medical massage. The effect of massage therapy on the human organism has been known and appreciated for centuries, even millennia. Many massage therapist, however, tend to rely on intuition and routine. In order to improve the efficiency of massage therapy we have made an attempt to provide sound theoretical and methodological foundations based on anatomy, physiology, histology, and other fields of medical science. From our experience we know that the duration of therapy is effectively reduced by half in comparison with traditional methods, usually limited to treatment of the painful area without diagnosis of any possible distortions of tissues that are structurally and functionally connected with such areas.