Tag: sprawność fizyczna

团队运动运动员体能的环式训练影响：系统综述

Samit Saibya, Gayatri Pandey, Alpesh Chandrakant Jadhav, Yajuvendra Singh Rajpoot, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Surojit Sarkar, Hemantajit Gogoi

Samit Saibya, Gayatri Pandey, Alpesh Chandrakant Jadhav, Yajuvendra Singh Rajpoot, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Surojit Sarkar, Hemantajit Gogoi – Impact of circuit training on physical fitness among team sports athletes: A systematic review –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(1); 244-257

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG2EF82sK

摘要
研究背景。体能对运动员至关重要，使他们能够承受严格的训练并有效地满足竞赛需求。它包括健康相关的属性，如心血管耐力和肌肉力量，以及技能相关的组成部分，如敏捷和速度。包括环式训练（CT）在内的各种训练方法已被探索用于提高运动员的体能水平。尽管CT在各种运动中的普及度不断增长，但关于其对运动员体能影响的全面研究还相对有限。
目的。本综述旨在阐明CT对团队运动运动员体能的影响。
材料与方法。根据系统综述和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明指南，于2023年8月28日在PubMed和Google Scholar数据库中进行了系统搜索，使用与CT、体能和运动员相关的关键字组合识别报告的研究。在566项研究中，只有18篇文章满足所有资格标准并被纳入系统综述。评估是在Pedro量表上进行的，包括在十八项研究中的研究质量是公平的（范围从5到6）。
结果。结果显示，速度（n = 12）是CT干预研究的体能方面，其次是肌肉力量（n = 10），力量（n = 13），平衡（n = 2），体成分（n = 2），敏捷（n = 14），柔韧性（n = 5），肌肉耐力（n = 7）和心血管耐力（n = 8）。现有证据得出结论，CT对速度、肌肉力量、力量、平衡、柔韧性、敏捷、体成分和心血管耐力有显著影响。
结论：CT方法是一种旨在全面发展的体能训练方式，包括所有的体能方面。此外，仍然有限的证据显示CT对敏捷、体成分和速度的影响。
关键词
环式训练，体能，团队运动，运动员
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传统体育对提高小学生体能的影响

Ari Iswanto, Siswantoyo, Fathan Nurcahyo, Muhammad Wahyu Arga, Susanto

Ari Iswanto, Siswantoyo, Fathan Nurcahyo, Muhammad Wahyu Arga, Susanto – The effect of traditional sports on improving the physical fitness of elementary school students –  Fizjoterapia Polska 2024; 24(1); 235-243

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG2EF80Yj

摘要
引言。人力资源通常旨在培养坚韧、熟练、能干、积极和生产力的人，使他们有能力开展社会各种活动。目的。本研究旨在：（1）了解传统体育对提高小学生体能的影响程度；以及（2）了解哪种传统体育训练频率对提高体能更有效。方法。本研究为准实验研究。数据收集技术采用测试。使用的工具是针对10-12岁儿童的印尼体能鲜活测试（TKJI），以了解儿童早期体能的提升。研究对象为康东卡图亚加达SD Muhammadiyah五年级的所有学生，共160名。采样技术为简单随机抽样，本研究样本为48名学生，分为3组，即治疗组A，治疗组B和对照组。每组有16名学生，包括8名男生和8名女生。本研究的数据分析技术使用ANOVA测试，初步的前提测试为正态性测试和同质性测试，然后通过同时比较分析的结果和平均差异的Scheffe测试结果，来看每个治疗组的差异。结果。研究结果从三组的体能平均水平结果来看，存在显著差异。基于Scheffe测试的结果显示，最佳体能水平出现在治疗组A或每周4次进行传统体育锻炼的组。与未经增强的对照组相比，治疗组B有显著提高。结论。从本研究可以得出结论，传统体育可以有效提高小学生的体能。相比于每周3次的锻炼频率，每周4次的锻炼频率对提高体能更为有效。
关键词
传统体育，体能，小学
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年轻运动员的体能通过传统体育干预增强：11周的运动体验

Ida Zubaida, Yayat Ruhiat, Aan Hendrayana, Edi Setiawan

Ida Zubaida, Yayat Ruhiat, Aan Hendrayana, Edi Setiawan – Young athletes’ physical fitness increases the impact of traditional sport intervention: 11 weeks of movement experience. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(5); 95-101

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20B3B3

摘要
本研究旨在调查传统体育运动以提高年轻运动员体能的效果。研究者采用了11周的随机对照试验设计。参与者包括来自印度尼西亚苏丹阿格恩·蒂尔塔亚萨大学的年轻运动员，他们被分配到TSG（n=20）和CG（n=20）。用学生t检验对配对样本进行分析，以测试两组男性和女性在预测试和后测试阶段的体能差异。本研究中使用了效应量测试（Cohen’s d）。第一项发现表明，TSG中的男性参与者在预测试和后测试阶段的体能存在差异，与多阶段（p < 0.001，d = −2.17），4×10米接力跑（p < 0.001，d = 2.43），30米跑测试（p < 0.001，d = 1.85）和坐位体前屈测试（p = 0.002，d = −1.41）相关，而CG中的男性参与者在体能上的差异体现在4×10米接力跑（p < 0.001，d = 1.69），30米跑测试（p < 0.001，d = 1.64），但在其他组成部分没有发现差异。第二项发现显示，TSG中的女性参与者在预测试和后测试阶段的体能存在差异，与多阶段（p < 0.001，d = −1.53），4×10米接力跑（p < 0.001，d = 2.76），30米跑测试（p < 0.001，d = 2.02）和坐位体前屈测试（p < 0.001，d = −1.72）相关，而CG中的女性参与者在30米跑测试上有体能差异（p < 0.001，d = 2.87），但在其他组成部分没有发现差异。总结来说，这项研究证明了11周的传统体育运动可以提高年轻运动员的体能。
关键词
传统体育，体能，年轻运动员
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哪种方式携带四公斤书包对7岁男女学生的体态影响最小，哪种方式影响最大？

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

 

Mirosław Mrozkowiak –Which way of carrying a four-kilogram schoolbag disturbs the body posture the least and which disturbs the most in 7-year-old students of both sexes? Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(5); 6-29

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG20B24g

摘要 引言。本研究旨在确定，在经过两分钟恢复期后，用四公斤书包进行10分钟负载后，分析的携带方式中哪一种与体态值的相关性最强和最弱。材料，方法。在65名7岁儿童中进行了体态研究，使用投影莫尔条纹法在4种姿势中进行：1-习惯性姿势，2-10分钟负载后的姿势，3-卸下负载一分钟后的姿势，4-卸下负载两分钟后的姿势。结果。分析了习惯性姿势下前面、侧面和横断面特征值的差异与四公斤书包负载十分钟后以及两分钟恢复后的值的相关性。结论。(1)在胸前和背后各携带一个等重容器或者只在背后携带一个，对7岁学生的体态静态影响最小。(2)在胸前和背后各携带一个等重容器或者只在背后携带一个，体态特征值的完全恢复最快。(3)当书包被携带在胸前并用右手或左手拖拽时，体态特征值在携带和恢复期间出现的不利变化最大。

关键词：儿童健康，莫尔地形图，体能，姿势不对称因素

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Różnica wpływu na cechy postawy ciała w transporcie masy przyborów szkolnych na prawym lub lewym barku przez 7-letnich uczniów obojga płci

Mirosław Mrozkowiak


Mirosław Mrozkowiak – The difference of the influence of the weight of school supplies on body posture features in carrying on the right or left shoulder by 7-year-old students of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(3); 32-58

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG143751

Streszczenie

Wstęp. Periodycznie, na przełomie sierpnia i września, podnosi się problem przeciążania dzieci zbyt ciężkimi plecakami szkolnymi i sugeruje wpływ tego obciążenia na inicjację różnych dysfunkcji, nie tylko w obrębie kręgosłupa.
Materiał, metoda. Badania postawy ciała przeprowadzono w grupie 65 uczniów w wieku 7 lat metodą mory projekcyjnej w 8 pozycjach. Pierwsza – postawa habitualna, druga – po 10-minutowym asymetrycznym obciążeniu na lewym lub prawym barku, trzecia – po jednej minucie od zdjęcia obciążenia, czwarta – po dwóch minutach od zdjęcia obciążenia. Dokonano pomiaru sprawności fizycznej testem Sekity.
Wyniki. Analizowano istotność różnic między 1 a 2, 1 a 3, 1 a 4, 2 a 3, 3 a 4 pomiarem dla określenia wpływu obciążenia oraz korelacji różnic ze sprawnością fizyczną. Zbadano także, który sposób transportu mniej zaburza postawę ciała.
Wnioski.
1. Transport 4-kilogramowej masy przyborów szkolnych na lewym lub prawym barku tak samo istotnie i negatywnie zaburza biomechaniczną statykę ciała 7-letniego dziecka, co może w dłuższej perspektywie czasu wywołać błędy, a w konsekwencji wady postawy ciała. W związku z tym nie należy zalecać tego sposobu transportu przyborów szkolnych uczniom klas pierwszych.
2. Sprawność fizyczna ma większe znaczenie w zaburzeniach biomechanicznej statyki postawy ciała w płaszczyźnie czołowej niż w strzałkowej i poprzecznej oraz wśród chłopców niż dziewcząt. Wytrzymałość i siła wykazuje najczęstsze związki ze zmianami wielkości cech postawy ciała, przy czym w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej i poprzecznej największe znaczenie ma szybkość i siła, a w czołowej wytrzymałość i siła.
3. Restytucja wielkości żadnej z analizowanych cech postawy ciała nie była pełna po 1. i 2. minucie od zaprzestania transportu na lewym i prawym barku, co świadczy o niskiej sprawności ogólnej i niedojrzałych procesach korekcyjno-kompensacyjnych.

Słowa kluczowe:
zdrowie dzieci, mora projekcyjna, sprawność fizyczna, wskaźnik asymetrii postawy

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Monitoring of functional ability, mobility and quality of life in seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic

Pavol Nechvátal, Lucia Demjanovič Kendrová, Tomáš Uher, Michal Macej, Gabriela Škrečková

 

Pavol Nechvátal, Lucia Demjanovič Kendrová, Tomáš Uher, Michal Macej, Gabriela Škrečková – Monitoring of functional ability, mobility and quality of life in seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(2); 92-95

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG0DFB8A

Abstract
Aim. The aim of the work is to map the functional fitness, level of mobility and quality of life of seniors at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods. The study group consisted of 130 seniors from the Prešov Region, with an average age of 74.1 (max. 94, min. 65) years and an average Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27.13 (max. 41.09, min 16.00). There were 54 men (41.5%), with an average age of 74.3 years and an average BMI of 26.78, women with an average age of 74.0 years and an average BMI of 27.37. In all seniors we assessed physical fitness by Senior Fitness Test, level of mobility by the Up & go test and quality of life and mental health by the WHOQOL-BREF test during the lockdown in COVID-19 pandemic.
Results. Seniors living in rural areas (t = -2,341; p = 0.020) and living alone (t = -2.05; p = 0.042) had slightly higher rate of mild obesity (according to BMI). Seniors living alone had a lower quality of life compared with seniors living partner or family member (t = 3.728; p < 0.001). Finally, seniors living in rurar areas had worse physical (t = 3.113; p = 0.002) and mental health status (t = 2.601; p = 0.010). Women had slightly worse mental health status than men (t = 2.308; p = 0.022).
Conclusions. Restrictions on movement due to the COVID-19 pandemic put seniors who live alone, at risk, especially women. Men show higher resistance to these measures, mostly in physical and psychological health area.
Key words:
COVID-19, movement activity, physical fitness, quality of life, seniors
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Restitution of the size of postural features in the frontal plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right and left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak


Mirosław Mrozkowiak – Restitution of the size of postural features in the frontal plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right and left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2023; 23(1); 6-21

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG07BFF3

Abstract

Introduction. The analysis of the pupil’s environment is a set of stressors in the field of human ecology consisting not only of the genetic factor but also of the epigenetic one. Material and methods. The study of body posture was carried out in a group of 65 pupils at the age of 7, using the mora projection method in the following eight positions: (four positions for the right-hand thrust and four for the left-hand thrust): 1- habitual posture, 2 – posture after pulling a container with school supplies with one hand for 10 minutes, 3 – one minute after removing the load, 4 – two minutes after removing the load. The measurement of physical fitness was performed using the Sekita test. Results. The significance of differences between measurement 1, 2, 3, and 4 was analysed to determine the restitution of the size of traits after loading and their correlation with physical fitness to examine the relationship with the studied differences. Conclusions. (1) After removing the load, statistically significant restitution occurred after the first and second minute. Restitution was incomplete. (2) In right-hand carriage by boys, endurance significantly correlated with restitution, and among girls it was additionally speed and agility. As regards girls, physical fitness revealed more frequent relationships with restitution. (3) In left-hand carriage by boys, after the first minute, restitution correlated with endurance, power, agility and overall physical fitness, and after two minutes, additionally with strength, while among girls with strength, power, and endurance. After two minutes, restitution correlated with speed and agility in addition to the abovementioned postural features. As far as girls are concerned, physical fitness more often correlated with restitution. (4) Due to incomplete restitution after one and two minutes, asymmetrical carriage is not recommended to children aged 7 years. Physical fitness demonstrated by children does not lead to full restitution of the examined postural features, which suggests its low level and immature correctional and compensational processes.

Słowa kluczowe:
schoolbags, body posture, mora projection, physical fitness, restitution

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Do Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) and levels of physical activity help to maintain fitness status? Study on futsal women’s

Mochamad Ridwan, Anindya Mar’atus Sholikhah, Arifah Kaharina, Himawan Putranta


Mochamad Ridwan, Anindya Mar’atus Sholikhah, Arifah Kaharina, Himawan Putranta – Do Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) and levels of physical activity help to maintain fitness status? Study on futsal women’s. Fizjoterapia Polska 2022; 22(4); 38-43

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG1A6R1m

Abstract
Introduction. The level of fitness is fundamental in the athlete’s success in achieving optimum performance. Aim. This paper aims to know the rate of recommended dietary allowances (RDA) and the physical activity to stay fit. Material and Methods. Analytical observational analysis with the cross-sectional design was the approach used in this study. Participants in this study is women’s futsal player of 16 subjects was selected for measures of physical health, macronutrient consumption, nutritional status, nutritional awareness, and level of physical activity. Fitness levels were assessed using a Multi-stage Fitness Test (MFT), and nutritional knowledge and physical activity with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Analysis of data is carried out in univariate, bivariate, and multivariate form using statistical software. Results. The findings of this analysis are that energy consumption, carbohydrates, and proteins are all under the RDA for most female futsal athletes. Nutritional status is not a significant relation with the degree of fitness. Better dietary awareness may enable us to pay more attention to safer and more healthy eating behavior. The conclusion is that the average intake of calories, carbohydrates, and proteins in most female futsal athletes is still well below the RDA. Nutritional status has no significant relationship with fitness level. Good nutritional knowledge will encourage a person to pay more attention to his eating behavior to be healthier and more balanced. Conclusions. The conclusion is that the average intake of energy, carbohydrates, and protein in most female futsal athletes is still far below the recommended Nutritional Adequacy Rate (RDA).

Keywords
futsal, physical activity, physical fitness, recommended dietary allowances

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Restitution of the size of postural features in the sagittal and transverse plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right or left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes

Mirosław Mrozkowiak

Mirosław Mrozkowiak – Restitution of the size of postural features in the sagittal and transverse plane after loading with the weight of school items carried with the right or left hand in 7-year-old pupils of both sexes. Fizjoterapia Polska 2021; 21(4); 78-95

Abstract
Material, methods. The study covered 65 pupils aged 7, using the mora projection method in four positions: 1 – habitual posture 2 – posture after pulling a container with supplies with right hand for 10 minutes, then with left hand, 3 – one minute after removing the load, 4 – two minutes after removing the load. Physical fitness was measured using the Sekita test. Significance of differences between measurement 2 and 3, and 3 and 4 was analysed to determine restitution of the size of traits after loading and correlation with physical fitness to examine the relationship with differences. Conclusions. (1) Having excluded the load of transported mass, statistically significant restitution occurred after one and two minutes. Restitution was incomplete and independent of gender. (2) In right-hand transport by boys, after one minute, speed and strength significantly correlated with restitution, and after two minutes, endurance, speed, strength and agility correlated with it. Among girls, after one minute, restitution correlated with strength, and after two minutes with endurance and strength. (3) In left-hand transport by boys, after one minute, restitution correlated with strength, power agility and overall fitness, and after two minutes, with endurance, speed, agility and overall physical fitness. Among girls, after one minute, restitution correlated with endurance, speed, strength and agility, after two minutes, with endurance, speed, agility and overall fitness. (4) Due to incomplete restitution of the size of posture, asymmetrical transport is not recommended to 7-year-old children. Physical fitness in children does not cause complete restitution of examined postural.
Key words:
schoolbags, body posture, mora projection, physical fitness, restitution
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Changes in the level of physical fitness in visually impaired children in the context of rehabilitation

Anna Cabak

Anna Cabak – Changes in the level of physical fitness in visually impaired children in the context of rehabilitation. Fizjoterapia Polska 2003; 3(2); 146-152

Abstract
Background. The main aim of the research was to show positive changes in the level of physical fitness among visually impaired children with age. Physical fitness is also presented as an extremely useful measure of general health for purposes of rehabilitation. Material and methods. 213 children took part in the study (101 blind and 112 partially sighted), ranging in age from 7 to 15 years. The Universal Fitness Test developed by S. Pilicz was applied. The physical fitness level was evaluated on the basis of 3 motor features. Results and Conclusions. The results showed a diminishing gap in terms of physical fitness between visually impaired children and normally seeing peers with age, particularly in respect to blind children.

Key words:
Physical Fitness, blind and partially sighted children, motor development

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