Tag: biomechanics

Selected issues in the biomechanics of the knee joint

Aleksander Kabsch, Tadeusz Bober

Aleksander Kabsch, Tadeusz Bober – Selected issues in the biomechanics of the knee joint. Fizjoterapia Polska 2001; 1(2); 179-182

Abstract
This article presents of the biomechanics of the knee joint in terms suitable for application in diagnostics and kinesitherapy. For practical reasons the thematic range of the discussion is limited; a separate monograph would be required to deal with the subject fully, especially the biomechanical conditions underlying pathologies of this joint. The basic aspects of the biomechanics of the knee joint presented in this article include its motion and mobility, the role of muscle force momentum, and the value of the force of reaction in the context of the construction and function of the joint. The scope of the subject matter presented here covers the issues that in the authors’ opinion are most essential for the physiotherapist in terms of the biomechanics of the knee joint.

Key words:
Knee Joint, Biomechanics

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Biomechanical aspects of low back pain in equestrian riders

Ewa Hordyńska, Józef Opara

Ewa Hordyńska, Józef Opara – Biomechanical aspects of low back pain in equestrian riders. Fizjoterapia Polska 2002; 2(3); 235-240

Abstract
Back pain, from social standpoint, belongs to the most important illnesses, despite the fact that it does not pose a direct life threat. Eighty per cent of adults are estimated to suffer from back pain daily. Most frequently, though, the true reasons, for the illness remain unknown. However, revealing factors that influence the occurrence of back pain in riders, and especially dressage riders, may be of considerale preventive importance. The paper presents problems that arise im movement relation between the rider and the horse in view of biomechanics of the seat.

Key words:
Biomechanics, Low Back Pain, rider

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The gait. Part I – the analysis of the gait biomechanics in the rehabilitation

Mirosław Janiszewski, Beata Rechcińska-Roślak, Joanna Błaszczyk-Suszyńska

Mirosław Janiszewski, Beata Rechcińska-Roślak, Joanna Błaszczyk-Suszyńska – The gait. Part I – the analysis of the gait biomechanics in the rehabilitation. Fizjoterapia Polska 2002; 2(4); 311-318

Abstract
In the article the present state of knowledge regarding the gait of human is described. It has been presented what movements are performed in the upper and lower limbs joints while walking and in what position the centre of human gravity is. In the enclosed figures there is stated what biomechanics of the human is like.

Key words:
Gait, Biomechanics, Rehabilitation

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Assessment of kinematics of pathological gait after articular cartillage surgery

Andrzej Czamara, Sławomir Winiarski, Zbigniew Jethon, Andrzej Bugajski, Rafał Szafraniec, Andrzej Zaleski, Wiesław Tomaszewski

Andrzej Czamara, Sławomir Winiarski, Zbigniew Jethon, Andrzej Bugajski, Rafał Szafraniec, Andrzej Zaleski, Wiesław Tomaszewski – Assessment of kinematics of pathological gait after articular cartillage surgery. Fizjoterapia Polska 2007; 7(1); 1-9

Abstract

Background. Thirty two male patients with the full-thickness lesion of articular cartilage on the load-bearing surface of the knee joint (Outerbridge Grade III-IV) were involved in the study. The goal of this paper is the biomechanical assessment of changes in the kinematics of gait of patients after selected articular cartilage surgeries of knee joint examined by the 3D motion analysis system (SIMI Reality Motion Systems GmbH, Germany). Material and methods. Gait of thirty two patients with the articular cartilage surgery of knee joint was analyzed while they underwent 2 out of 4 stages of our original physiotherapy treatment. In order to test the progress of the rehabilitation program the spatial kinematic data of the gait was collected and the angle-time characteristics acquired. The first measurement was taken between the 2nd and 3rd week postoperatively, the second was taken between 6th and 8th week postop. The last measurement was taken between 10th and 14th week postoperatively, when the patient’s gait was fully restored and being improved. The values of step and stride lengths (meters), gait velocity (meters per sec.) and the step cadence (steps per sec.) were monitored as well as the stance and swing ratios (percent of the gait cycle) of the affected and unaffected limb. Range of motion in the knee joint was examined in dynamics and the angles at heel-strike and toe-off measured for both lower limbs. Results. As a consequence of our rehabilitation procedure satisfactory results were obtained individually between 10th and 14th week postop. in test patients with reference to the control group. The spatial gait parameters step and stride lengths have significantly increased and the stance to swing ratio have decreased for the affected limb compared to the first measurement. The gait velocity was found to be doubled. In addition an increase in range of motion in the joints was noticed and the angle characteristics was similar to the one of the control group. Conclusions. The extensive surgical and physiotherapeutic procedures applied in the treatment have improved gait parameters between 10th and 14th week postop in all tested patients.

Key words:
biomechanics, gait, gait disorders, articular cartilage, surgery, rehabilitation
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