The role of physiotherapy in the treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of chronic bronchitis

Volodymyr Mizin

Volodymyr Mizin – The role of physiotherapy in the treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of chronic bronchitis. Fizjoterapia Polska 2001; 1(3); 237-242

Abstract

Background. Within the framework of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Disease there has been considerable scientific discussion and a search for original, modem approaches to the treatment of chronic bronchitis. The success of these endeavors is conditional upon the precise definition of the goals and the application of the appropriate means to achieve them. A review of the literature shows no reports on the potential of physiotherapeutic methods of treatment in this area. The goal of our research was to evaluate the use of electrostimulation of the torso and dalargin electrophoresis to relieve respiratory distress in patients with chronic bronchitis. Materials and methods. The research on the impact of these procedures on the cardiopulmonary system and immune system involved 67 patients. Respiration, hemodynamics, T- and B-lymphocyte content, and immunoglobulin E levels were tested. A biomechanical model was used to simulate the strength of the erython and the respiratory and cardiac muscles, as well as general physical capacity, minute blood volume, and deviation of these parameters from the optimal values. Simulation and calculation of the coefficients consumption by the cardiopulmonary system and the organism was using a synergetic model of aerobic metabolism. Results. Correlation, regression, and factor analyses show that the effects of electrostimulation and dalargin electrophoresis make a major contribution to the realization of numerous treatment goals, including the relief of respiratory distress. The tested factors increase the fuctional capacity of the cardiopulmonary system to supply the organism with oxygen, improve the equilibrium of the vegetative nervous system and the balance of B- and T-lymphocytes, increase the level of T-lymphocytes and lower the level of IgE. The results of factor analysis suggest that lowering the level of IgE decreases the virulence of inflammatory processes. An increases was observed in oxygen consumption and reserve capacity, and an increase – of particular importance – in the integral coefficient of oxygen metabolism in the organism. Conclusions. The tested procedures of electrostimulation of the torso and dalargin electrophoresis produce effects that are beneficial in achieving many strategic and tactical goals in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with chronic bronchitis, especially reducing the activity of IgE as a risk factor, countering the effects of respiratory insufficiency, inhibiting inflammatory reactions, and improving the status of the immune system, respiratory functions, and hemodynamics. These procedures bring about improvement in the vegetative nervous system, the metabolic systems, and oxygen consumption. These effects make it possible a comprehensive program to reduce respiratory distress in patients with chronic bronchitis.

Key words:
chronic bronchitis, Stress, physiotherapy, electrostimulation, Electrophoresis, dalargin
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150 years of electrostimulation. The development of electrostimulation methods between years 1855 and 2005

Janusz Orzech

Janusz Orzech – 150 years of electrostimulation. The development of electrostimulation methods between years 1855 and 2005. Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 6(3); 185-191

Abstract
The ongoing expansion of electrotherapy methods has led to the conspicuous growth of terminological turmoil in the Polish and international literature. The information provided on the subject of electrostimulation is often incomplete and even incorrect, making it harder to come up with a systematic approach of interventions, especially from a scientific and didactic point of view. In order to establish the unified definition and systematics of electrostimulation, a review of available and mainly source literature has been conducted, concerning the history of invention and development of different electrotherapy methods from the very early therapeutic application of electricity in 1855 by Duchenne till the year 2005. The analysis of scientific publications proves that, from the physiotherapeutic point of view, the history of electrical stimulation of human tissues is vast and concerns 150 years of research and experiments on bringing new different techniques to life. We observe the ongoing improvement and extension of applied methods whilst only one of them — the Franklinization method — has been discontinued from the physical therapy practice in most of the countries worldwide. Concerning the substantial variability of present methods, the author suggests a following definition of electrostimulation: „The electrostimulation is an electro-the-rapeutic intervention leading to the striated or smooth muscle contraction of the normal and paralyzed tissues with additional positive effects on blood and lymphatic circulation along with the analgesic action”. The author also suggests retaining English terms and abbreviations for the electrostimulation interventions, i. e. NMES, ESDM, FES, TENS, ATES, and propo-ses incorporation of the unified systematics of electrostimulation methods.

Key words:
electrostimulation, history of electrostimulation, methods of electrostimulation, systematic review

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